SynthesisJournal of epidemiology and community health2020
Association between retirement and mortality: working longer, living longer? A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Journal of epidemiology and community health, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- Optimism and the time-stable component of self-rated health: A threshold-specific latent growth analysis.British journal of health psychology · 2026Article
- The Impact of Working Beyond Retirement on Cognitive Function Among the Retirement-Transition Population.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Humility Throughout the Lifespan and a Global Pandemic: Evidence From a Large-Scale Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of personality · 2026Article
- The transition to retirement and subsequent physical health among middle-aged and older adults in China: A life course perspective.PloS one · 2026Article
- Trends and determinants of adverse working conditions among employed women in Australia: a 20-year analysis.BMC public health · 2025Article
- The relationship between retirement, social isolation and loneliness: A longitudinal analysis using the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Midlife cardiovascular health factors as predictors of retirement age, work-loss years, and years spent in retirement among older businessmen.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Work-retirement transitions and mental health: A longitudinal analysis of the role of social protection generosity in 11 countries.Scandinavian journal of public health · 2023Article
- Dental Students' Positive and Negative Views on Aging at an Undergraduate Course at the University of British Columbia, Canada.International journal of dentistry · 2023Article
- Does social pension buy improved mental health and mortality outcomes for senior citizens? Evidence from South Africa's 2008 pension reform.Preventive medicine reports · 2022Article
- Retirement age does not modify the association of prior working conditions with self-rated health and mortality in retirees: results from a prospective study of retired French workers.International archives of occupational and environmental health · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimThis study summarised available evidence on the association between early and on-time retirement, compared with continued working, and mortality. Moreover, this study investigated whether and to what extent gender, adjustment for demographics and prior health status influence this association.
methodsA systematic literature search of longitudinal studies was conducted. A qualitative analysis of the included studies was performed, followed by a meta-regression analysis to assess the influence of gender, prior health and demographics. Random-effects models were used in a meta-analysis to estimate the pooled effects for relevant subgroups identified in the meta-regression.
resultsIn total, 25 studies were included. Adjustment for prior health and demographics influenced the association between retirement and mortality (p<0.05). The results of the meta-analysis of 12 studies are presented for 'insufficiently adjusted' and 'fully adjusted' subgroups. There was no association between early retirement and mortality compared with working until retirement (fully adjusted subgroup: HR 1.05, 95% CI 0.87 to 1.28). On-time retirement was associated with a higher risk of mortality compared with working beyond retirement (insufficiently adjusted subgroup: HR 1.56, 95% CI 1.41 to 1.73). However, in the subgroup that adjusted for prior health, on-time retirement was not associated with mortality (HR 1.12, 95% CI 0.98 to 1.28).
conclusionEarly retirement was not associated with a higher risk of mortality. On-time retirement was associated with a higher risk of mortality, which might reflect the healthy worker effect. It is important to consider information on prior health and demographics when studying the association between retirement and mortality to avoid biased findings.
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