ArticlePharmaceutics2020
Transport Mechanisms of Polymannuronic Acid and Polyguluronic Acid Across Caco-2 Cell Monolayers.
Article in Pharmaceutics, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Advances and challenges in research methods on oral absorption mechanisms of nano-formulations.PeerJ · 2025Pooled it
- Absorption Patterns of Fucoidan Oligosaccharides fromFoods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Nanoemulsions of Hydroxysafflor Yellow A for Enhancing Physicochemical and In Vivo Performance.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Article
- Nature's soothing solution: Harnessing the potential of food-derived polysaccharides to control inflammation.Current research in structural biology · 2023Review
- Cellular Uptake and Transport Mechanism of 6-Mercaptopurine Nanomedicines for Enhanced Oral Bioavailability.International journal of nanomedicine · 2023Article
- Immunomodulatory function and anti-tumor mechanism of natural polysaccharides: A review.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Corrigendum: Immunomodulatory function and anti-tumor mechanism of natural polysaccharides: a review.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Fluorescent Labeling of Polymannuronic Acid and Its Distribution in Mice by Tail Vein Injection.Marine drugs · 2022Article
- Hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives effect on hypercholesterolemia, comparison with ezetimibe: Permeability assays and FTIR spectroscopy on Caco-2 cell line.Current research in pharmacology and drug discovery · 2022Article
- Improvement of the bladder perfusion curative effect through tight junction protein degradation induced by magnetic temperature-sensitive hydrogels.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Detailed knowledge of the intestinal transport of polymannuronic acid (PM) and polyguluronic acid (PG) is critical for understanding their biological activities. To investigate the transport in the gastrointestinal tract, PM and PG were chemically modified with tyramine and conjugated with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to synthesize FITC-PM (F-PM) and FITC-PG (F-PG) successfully. The transport mechanisms of F-PM and F-PG across the intestinal epithelial cell monolayers (Caco-2 cell monolayers) were then investigated. The results demonstrated that the transport of F-PM and F-PG into epithelial cells was time- and energy-dependent, which was mediated by the macropinocytosis pathway and the clathrin- and caveolae (or lipid raft)-mediated endocytic pathway. The transport process of F-PM and F-PG in Caco-2 cells depended on the acidification of endosomes and involved lysosomes. Tubulin mediated the transport of F-PM, but not of F-PG. Moreover, the absorption enhancer chitosan (CS) promoted the transport of F-PM and F-PG, increasing the apparent permeability coefficient (Papp) by 1.9-fold and 2.6-fold, respectively, by reversibly opening the tight junction (TJ). In summary, this study provided a comprehensive understanding of the transport of PM and PG in the small intestinal epithelial cells, which will provide a theoretical basis for the development of PM and PG with good intestinal absorption.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.