Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32078742›Full record

ArticleJournal of racial and ethnic health disparities2020

Caste Differences in Hypertension Among Women in India: Diminishing Health Returns to Socioeconomic Status for Lower Caste Groups.

Jalal Uddin, Sanjeev Acharya, Jessica Valles, Elizabeth H Baker, Verna M Keith

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Article in Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
3.4field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Jalal UddinDepartment of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 533B RPHB, 1665 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA. jalal@uab.edu.ORCID 0000-0002-8337-3480
Sanjeev AcharyaDepartment of Sociology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 460 Heritage Hall Building, 1401 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA.
Jessica VallesDepartment of Sociology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 460 Heritage Hall Building, 1401 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA.
Elizabeth H BakerDepartment of Sociology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 460 Heritage Hall Building, 1401 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA.
Verna M KeithDepartment of Sociology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 460 Heritage Hall Building, 1401 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA.
University of Alabama at Birmingham · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionThe caste system is a relatively rigid system of social hierarchy in India. The caste membership defines one's access to resources and life opportunities. A growing body of research suggests that lower caste groups have an excess burden of morbidity and mortality in India. However, it is not clear as to what extent caste differences in health are conditioned by socioeconomic status (SES) indicators. PURPOSE: This study examined the caste differences in hypertension and tested whether caste differences in hypertension are conditioned by education and household wealth in a representative sample of women in India.

methodsThis study used data from the National Family Health Survey (NFHS) 2015-2016, India. The analysis is based on a nationally representative sample of 648,064 adult women aged 15-49 years. We used logistic regression to examine whether the association between caste and hypertension varied by education and wealth index using interactions and controlling for potential confounders.

resultsThe regression models suggest that scheduled tribes and non-caste members have the highest odds of hypertension compared with privileged upper caste members. Interaction models indicate complex intersections of caste, education, and wealth index. The predicted probabilities derived from these interaction models suggest that while SES indicators are inversely associated with the odds of hypertension, the inverse patterning was significantly weaker in other backward classes and more protective in non-caste members compared with upper caste. Additionally, caste difference in predictive risk of hypertension tends to diverge at the lower levels of SES and become narrower at the higher levels of SES.

conclusionsThese findings provide evidence of differential returns to SES and have implications for understanding the causes of SES patterning in health among disadvantaged caste groups in India.

Indexed as

Health Status DisparitiesHierarchy, SocialSocial ClassAdolescentAdultFemaleHumansHypertensionIndiaMiddle AgedYoung AdultCaste systemHypertension disparityIndiaIntersectionalitySocioeconomic status

Identifiers

PMID32078742
OpenAlexW3008548587

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.