ArticleMMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report2020
Interim Estimates of 2019-20 Seasonal Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness - United States, February 2020.
Article in MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 78 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
78 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 125 citations in OpenAlex.
- Guidelines for the pharmacological treatment of COVID-19. The task-force/consensus guideline of the Brazilian Association of Intensive Care Medicine, the Brazilian Society of Infectious Diseases and the Brazilian Society of Pulmonology and Tisiology.Revista Brasileira de terapia intensiva · 2020Guideline
- Recombinant Influenza Vaccine and Influenza Outbreaks in US Nursing Homes: Results From a Pragmatic Cluster-Randomized Clinical Trial.Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Article
- Adaptive multi-model ensembles for improved epidemic projections and decision support.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- The impact of viral and host factors on the influenza A virus transmission bottleneck.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Seasonal Incidence of Human Metapneumovirus in High-Risk Adults With Medically Attended Acute Respiratory Illness in a Rural US Community.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2025Article
- Evaluation of Humoral and Cell-Mediated Immunity Induced by Quadrivalent Influenza Vaccine in Pre-COVID-19 Japan.Viruses · 2025Article
- Phytochemical-based nanosystems: recent advances and emerging application in antiviral photodynamic therapy.Nanomedicine (London, England) · 2025Review
- Epidemiology of Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Adults and Children With Medically Attended Acute Respiratory Illness Over Three Seasons.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2024Article
- Influenza A virus within-host evolution and positive selection in a densely sampled household cohort over three seasons.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- A broad-spectrum multiepitope vaccine against seasonal influenza A and B viruses in mice.EBioMedicine · 2024Article
- A Chymotrypsin-Dependent Live-Attenuated Influenza Vaccine Provides Protective Immunity against Homologous and Heterologous Viruses.Vaccines · 2024Article
- Relative Vaccine Effectiveness of Cell- vs Egg-Based Quadrivalent Influenza Vaccine Against Test-Confirmed Influenza Over 3 Seasons Between 2017 and 2020 in the United States.Open forum infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Attitudes, motivators, and barriers toward influenza vaccination for children: a study from a conflict-ridden country.Conflict and health · 2024Article
- Therapeutic role of miR-19a/b protection from influenza virus infection in patients with coronary heart disease.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2024Article
- Influenza A virus within-host evolution and positive selection in a densely sampled household cohort over three seasons.Virus evolution · 2024Article
- Association between seasonal influenza vaccination and antimicrobial use in Japan from the 2015-16 to 2020-21 seasons: from the VENUS study.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2023Article
- Review
- Alterations in Patients' Clinical Outcomes and Respiratory Viral Pathogen Activity following the COVID-19 Pandemic.Viruses · 2023Observational
- A mosaic influenza virus-like particles vaccine provides broad humoral and cellular immune responses against influenza A viruses.NPJ vaccines · 2023Article
18 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
25 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
During the 2019-20 influenza season, influenza-like illness (ILI)* activity first exceeded the national baseline during the week ending November 9, 2019, signaling the earliest start to the influenza season since the 2009 influenza A(H1N1) pandemic. Activity remains elevated as of mid-February 2020. In the United States, annual vaccination against seasonal influenza is recommended for all persons aged ≥6 months (1). During each influenza season, CDC estimates seasonal influenza vaccine effectiveness in preventing laboratory-confirmed influenza associated with medically attended acute respiratory illness (ARI). This interim report used data from 4,112 children and adults enrolled in the U.S. Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness Network (U.S. Flu VE Network) during October 23, 2019-January 25, 2020. Overall, vaccine effectiveness (VE) against any influenza virus associated with medically attended ARI was 45% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 36%-53%). VE was estimated to be 50% (95% CI = 39%-59%) against influenza B/Victoria viruses and 37% (95% CI = 19%-52%) against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09, indicating that vaccine has significantly reduced medical visits associated with influenza so far this season. Notably, vaccination provided substantial protection (VE = 55%; 95% CI = 42%-65%) among children and adolescents aged 6 months-17 years. Interim VE estimates are consistent with those from previous seasons, ranging from 40%-60% when influenza vaccines were antigenically matched to circulating viruses. CDC recommends that health care providers continue to administer influenza vaccine to persons aged ≥6 months because influenza activity is ongoing, and the vaccine can still prevent illness, hospitalization, and death associated with currently circulating influenza viruses as well as other influenza viruses that might circulate later in the season.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.