Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32078404›Full record

ReviewJournal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR2020

Toward a Consensus Description of Vocal Effort, Vocal Load, Vocal Loading, and Vocal Fatigue.

Eric J Hunter, Lady Catherine Cantor-Cutiva, Eva van Leer, Miriam van Mersbergen, Chaya Devie Nanjundeswaran, Pasquale Bottalico, Mary J Sandage, Susanna Whitling

Abstract readConsensus StatementReview
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 76 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
76citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

76 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Systematic Review of Literature on Vocal Demand Response: Understanding Physiology, Measurements, and Associated Factors.Folia phoniatrica et logopaedica : official organ of the International Association of Logopedics and Phoniatrics (IALP) · 2024
    Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Effects of warm-up exercises on self-assessed vocal effort.Logopedics, phoniatrics, vocology · 2023
    Trial
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Evaluating Components of Vocal Effort in Transgender Women.Laryngoscope investigative otolaryngology · 2026
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Observational
  13. Article
  14. Patient Profiling: Determining the Effects of Patient Factors on Vocal Fatigue.Journal of voice : official journal of the Voice Foundation · 2025
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Bioenergetic Theory and Score Analyses: Preliminary Application to Four Soprano Solos.Journal of voice : official journal of the Voice Foundation · 2025
    Article
  19. Relationships Between Aerodynamics and Voice Symptoms in Primary Muscle Tension Dysphonia.Journal of voice : official journal of the Voice Foundation · 2025
    Article
  20. Acoustic and Psychoacoustic Analyses of Predominant Strain Elicited via Modulated Vocal Effort.Journal of voice : official journal of the Voice Foundation · 2025
    Article

16 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Eric J HunterDepartment of Communicative Sciences and Disorders, Michigan State University, East Lansing.
Lady Catherine Cantor-CutivaDepartment of Collective Health, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá.
Eva van LeerDepartment of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Georgia State University, Atlanta.
Miriam van MersbergenSchool of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Memphis, TN.
Chaya Devie NanjundeswaranDepartment of Audiology and Speech-Language Pathology, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN.
Pasquale BottalicoDepartment of Speech and Hearing Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
Mary J SandageDepartment of Communication Disorders, Auburn University, AL.
Susanna WhitlingDepartment of Logopedics, Phoniatrics and Audiology, Lund University, Sweden.

Funding

Protecting Teachers’ Voices: Investigating Risk Factors, Conducting Cost AnalysisR01DC012315 · NIDCD · UNIVERSITY OF UTAH · PI HUNTER, ERIC J · 2013 to 2025
$5.5M
NIDCD NIH HHS R01 DC012315
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Purpose The purpose of this document is threefold: (a) review the uses of the terms "vocal fatigue," "vocal effort," "vocal load," and "vocal loading" (as found in the literature) in order to track the occurrence and the related evolution of research; (b) present a "linguistically modeled" definition of the same from the review of literature on the terms; and (c) propose conceptualized definitions of the concepts. Method A comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Scientific Electronic Library Online. Four terms ("vocal fatigue," "vocal effort," "vocal load," and "vocal loading"), as well as possible variants, were included in the search, and their usages were compiled into conceptual definitions. Finally, a focus group of eight experts in the field (current authors) worked together to make conceptual connections and proposed consensus definitions. Results The occurrence and frequency of "vocal load," "vocal loading," "vocal effort," and "vocal fatigue" in the literature are presented, and summary definitions are developed. The results indicate that these terms appear to be often interchanged with blurred distinctions. Therefore, the focus group proposes the use of two new terms, "vocal demand" and "vocal demand response," in place of the terms "vocal load" and "vocal loading." We also propose standardized definitions for all four concepts. Conclusion Through a comprehensive literature search, the terms "vocal fatigue," "vocal effort," "vocal load," and "vocal loading" were explored, new terms were proposed, and standardized definitions were presented. Future work should refine these proposed definitions as research continues to address vocal health concerns.

Indexed as

PhonationTerminology as TopicVoiceVoice DisordersFocus GroupsHumans

Identifiers

PMID32078404
PMCPMC7210446

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.