ReviewIntensive care medicine2020
Nutritional support for children during critical illness: European Society of Pediatric and Neonatal Intensive Care (ESPNIC) metabolism, endocrine and nutrition section position statement and clinical recommendations.
Review in Intensive care medicine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 3 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 110 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Efficacy of Amoxicillin for Treatment of Enteral Nutrition Intolerance in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit
Relationship of Nutritional Support for Critically Ill Children With Clinical Outcomes in a Pediatric Hospital in Bolivia in 2025 (NutPeBol)
Indirect Calorimetry Measurement in the Paediatric Intensive Care Unit's Smallest Patients
Who cites it
110 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 288 citations in OpenAlex.
- Surviving Sepsis Campaign International Guidelines for the Management of Sepsis and Septic Shock in Children 2026.Intensive care medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Nutritional management of neonates who undergo major surgery for gastrointestinal disorders: a joint position paper of the Italian Society of Neonatology (SIN), the Italian Society of Pediatric Surgery (SICP), and the Italian Society of Pediatric Nutrition (SINUPE).Italian journal of pediatrics · 2026Guideline
- Nutrition protocols improve caloric adequacy in critically Ill children: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Pooled it
- Factors that influence the provision of enteral feeding for critically ill children: a qualitative evidence synthesis.BMC nutrition · 2025Pooled it
- The relationship between muscle mass changes and protein or energy intake in critically ill children: A systematic review and meta-analysis.JPEN. Journal of parenteral and enteral nutrition · 2025Pooled it
- Hypophosphatemia as a biomarker of metabolic intolerance to enhanced nutrition in the PICU: a secondary analysis of the PEPaNIC RCT.Critical care (London, England) · 2026Trial
- Early Caloric Adequacy and Hospital Length of Stay in Children Younger than Two Years Hospitalized with Bronchiolitis.Nutrients · 2026Article
- The relationship between nutritional management and prognosis in children on prolonged mechanical ventilation.Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition · 2026Observational
- Achieving Protein Requirements Through Oral Feeding in Children with Congenital Heart Disease: A Narrative Review.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Factors associated with constipation in critically ill children: A retrospective study.Nutrition in clinical practice : official publication of the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition · 2026Article
- Ketogenic diet therapy for children with super-refractory status epilepticus in intensive care: International clinical practice recommendations.Epilepsia open · 2026Review
- Feeding or Failing? Rethinking Nutrition Therapy in Pediatric Critical Care.Current nutrition reports · 2026Review
- Improving preoperative enteral feeding for newborns with congenital heart disease.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2026Article
- Nasogastric Hydration Utilization in Bronchiolitis, an EMO Trial Observational Substudy.Hospital pediatrics · 2026Observational
- Consensus statement of the Paediatric Anaesthesiology and Intensive Therapy Section of the Polish Society of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Therapy on the use of VV ECMO in paediatric patients for the treatment of acute respiratory failure.Anaesthesiology intensive therapy · 2026Article
- Impact of early postoperative enteral nutrition initiation timing on infection rate and nutritional status in children with congenital heart disease.BMC pediatrics · 2026Article
- Association between enteral formula type and nutritional failure in critically ill children: A single-center retrospective study.European journal of pediatrics · 2026Article
- Protocol for a Randomized Clinical Trial to Evaluate Not Routinely Measuring Gastric Residual Volume to Guide Enteral Feeding Versus Routine Measurement in Mechanically Ventilated Critically Ill Children (GASTRIC-PICU).Pediatric critical care medicine : a journal of the Society of Critical Care Medicine and the World Federation of Pediatric Intensive and Critical Care Societies · 2026Article
- Enteral olive oil supplementation as a rescue strategy for caloric insufficiency in critically ill neonates: a retrospective cohort study.BMC nutrition · 2026Article
- Safety of enteral nutrition practices in neonates with umbilical arterial catheters in situ: current evidence to guide clinical practice.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2026Review
50 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 10 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundNutritional support is considered essential for the outcome of paediatric critical illness. There is a lack of methodologically sound trials to provide evidence-based guidelines leading to diverse practices in PICUs worldwide. Acknowledging these limitations, we aimed to summarize the available literature and provide practical guidance for the paediatric critical care clinicians around important clinical questions many of which are not covered by previous guidelines.
objectiveTo provide an ESPNIC position statement and make clinical recommendations for the assessment and nutritional support in critically ill infants and children.
designThe metabolism, endocrine and nutrition (MEN) section of the European Society of Pediatric and Neonatal Intensive Care (ESPNIC) generated 15 clinical questions regarding different aspects of nutrition in critically ill children. After a systematic literature search, the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN) grading system was applied to assess the quality of the evidence, conducting meta-analyses where possible, to generate statements and clinical recommendations, which were then voted on electronically. Strong consensus (> 95% agreement) and consensus (> 75% agreement) on these statements and recommendations was measured through modified Delphi voting rounds.
resultsThe final 15 clinical questions generated a total of 7261 abstracts, of which 142 publications were identified relevant to develop 32 recommendations. A strong consensus was reached in 21 (66%) and consensus was reached in 11 (34%) of the recommendations. Only 11 meta-analyses could be performed on 5 questions.
conclusionsWe present a position statement and clinical practice recommendations. The general level of evidence of the available literature was low. We have summarised this and provided a practical guidance for the paediatric critical care clinicians around important clinical questions.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.