ArticleMicrobial cell factories2020
A probiotic treatment increases the immune response induced by the nasal delivery of spore-adsorbed TTFC.
Article in Microbial cell factories, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Recombinant Bacillus subtilis spores expressing SARS-CoV-2 spike protein induced humoral, mucosal, and cellular immunity in mice.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Probiotic spore-based antigen delivery: a novel oral vaccine strategy against Vibrio infections in aquaculture.Microbial cell factories · 2025Article
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- Nanotechnology-driven advances in intranasal vaccine delivery systems against infectious diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Important role of Bacillus subtilis as a probiotic and vaccine carrier in animal health maintenance.World journal of microbiology & biotechnology · 2024Review
- Polysaccharide fromInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Intranasal administration of Lactobacillus johnsonii attenuates hyperoxia-induced lung injury by modulating gut microbiota in neonatal mice.Journal of biomedical science · 2023Article
- The Bacterial Spore as a Mucosal Vaccine Delivery System.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Bacterial Spore-Based Delivery System: 20 Years of a Versatile Approach for Innovative Vaccines.Biomolecules · 2023Review
- Modes of therapeutic delivery in synthetic microbiology.Trends in microbiology · 2023Review
- Bacillus subtilis spores as delivery system for nasal Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite surface protein immunization in a murine model.Scientific reports · 2022Article
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- Bacillus Toyonensis BCT-7112Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2021Article
- Characterization of Lactic Acid Bacteria in Raw Buffalo Milk: a Screening for Novel Probiotic Candidates and Their Transcriptional Response to Acid Stress.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2021Article
- Article
- The temperature of growth and sporulation modulates the efficiency of spore-display in Bacillus subtilis.Microbial cell factories · 2020Article
- Nasal Immunization with the C-Terminal Domain of Bcla3 Induced Specific IgG Production and Attenuated Disease Symptoms in Mice Infected withInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2020Article
- Inhibitory Effect of a Microecological Preparation on Azoxymethane/Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Inflammatory Colorectal Cancer in Mice.Frontiers in oncology · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundSpore-forming bacteria of the Bacillus genus are widely used probiotics known to exert their beneficial effects also through the stimulation of the host immune response. The oral delivery of B. toyonensis spores has been shown to improve the immune response to a parenterally administered viral antigen in mice, suggesting that probiotics may increase the efficiency of systemic vaccines. We used the C fragment of the tetanus toxin (TTFC) as a model antigen to evaluate whether a treatment with B. toyonensis spores affected the immune response to a mucosal antigen.
resultsPurified TTFC was given to mice by the nasal route either as a free protein or adsorbed to B. subtilis spores, a mucosal vaccine delivery system proved effective with several antigens, including TTFC. Spore adsorption was extremely efficient and TTFC was shown to be exposed on the spore surface. Spore-adsorbed TTFC was more efficient than the free antigen in inducing an immune response and the probiotic treatment improved the response, increasing the production of TTFC-specific secretory immunoglobin A (sIgA) and causing a faster production of serum IgG. The analysis of the induced cytokines indicated that also the cellular immune response was increased by the probiotic treatment. A 16S RNA-based analysis of the gut microbial composition did not show dramatic differences due to the probiotic treatment. However, the abundance of members of the Ruminiclostridium 6 genus was found to correlate with the increased immune response of animals immunized with the spore-adsorbed antigen and treated with the probiotic.
conclusionOur results indicate that B. toyonensis spores significantly contribute to the humoral and cellular responses elicited by a mucosal immunization with spore-adsorbed TTFC, pointing to the probiotic treatment as an alternative to the use of adjuvants for mucosal vaccinations.
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Registered trials
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