Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32073627›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of epidemiology2020

Educational and health outcomes of children and adolescents receiving antidepressant medication: Scotland-wide retrospective record linkage cohort study of 766 237 schoolchildren.

Michael Fleming, Catherine A Fitton, Markus F C Steiner, James S McLay, David Clark, Albert King, Daniel F Mackay, Jill P Pell

Open access · hybridAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of epidemiology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.0field-weighted citation impact, top 15% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 17 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  8. Linking education and hospital data in England: linkage process and quality.International journal of population data science · 2021
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Michael FlemingInstitute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
Catherine A FittonDepartment of Child Health, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK.
Markus F C SteinerDepartment of Child Health, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK.
James S McLayDepartment of Child Health, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK.
David ClarkInformation Services Division, Edinburgh, UK.
Albert KingScotXed, Scottish Government, Edinburgh, UK.
Daniel F MackayInstitute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
Jill P PellInstitute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
University of Aberdeen · GBUniversity of Glasgow · GBScottish Government · GB

Funding

Medical Research Council MR/S003800/1Wellcome Trust
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundChildhood depression is relatively common, under-researched and can impact social and cognitive function and self-esteem.

methodsRecord linkage of routinely collected Scotland-wide administrative databases covering prescriptions [prescribing information system (PIS)], hospitalizations (Scottish Morbidity Records 01 and 04), maternity records (Scottish Morbidity Records 02), deaths (National Records of Scotland), annual pupil census, school absences/exclusions, special educational needs (Scottish Exchange of Educational Data; ScotXed), examinations (Scottish Qualifications Authority) and (un)employment (ScotXed) provided data on 766 237 children attending Scottish schools between 2009 and 2013 inclusively. We compared educational and health outcomes of children receiving antidepressant medication with their peers, adjusting for confounders (socio-demographic, maternity and comorbidity) and explored effect modifiers and mediators.

resultsCompared with peers, children receiving antidepressants were more likely to be absent [adjusted incidence rate ratio (IRR) 1.90, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.85-1.95] or excluded (adjusted IRR 1.48, 95% CI 1.29-1.69) from school, have special educational needs [adjusted odds ratio (OR) 1.77, 95% CI 1.65-1.90], have the lowest level of academic attainment (adjusted OR 3.00, 95% CI 2.51-3.58) and be unemployed after leaving school (adjusted OR 1.88, 95% CI 1.71-2.08). They had increased hospitalization [adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 2.07, 95% CI 1.98-2.18] and mortality (adjusted HR 2.73, 95% CI 1.73-4.29) over 5 years' follow-up. Higher absenteeism partially explained poorer attainment and unemployment. Treatment with antidepressants was less common among boys than girls (0.5% vs 1.0%) but the associations with special educational need and unemployment were stronger in boys.

conclusionsChildren receiving antidepressants fare worse than their peers across a wide range of education and health outcomes. Interventions to reduce absenteeism or mitigate its effects should be investigated.

Indexed as

Antidepressive AgentsOutcome Assessment, Health CareAdolescentChildCohort StudiesFemaleHumansMalePregnancyRetrospective StudiesScotlandAntidepressive AgentsDepressioneducational outcomeshealthpopulation cohortprescribingrecord linkage

Identifiers

PMID32073627
PMCPMC7660154
OpenAlexW3002745812

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.