ArticleJournal of oral biology and craniofacial research
Is there a sex difference in adult salivary clearance of caffeine (1,3,7-trimethylpurine-2,6-dione)?
Article in Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
- Coffee Versus Caffeine as Ergogenic Aids: Biological and Methodological Distinctions with Implications for Exercise Performance and Recovery.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Pharmacokinetics of Caffeine: A Systematic Analysis of Reported Data for Application in Metabolic Phenotyping and Liver Function Testing.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021Review
- Salivary clearance of caffeine in children.Journal of oral biology and craniofacial researchArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe salivary caffeine clearance is a non-invasive, safe, saliva-based method for assessing hepatic function and diagnosing chronic liver disease. The elimination of caffeine from the body follows first-order kinetics and principally involves catabolism by hepatic CYP1A2, with a half-life usually between three and 7 h. It is known that this process is affected by age and smoking tobacco. It has been suggested that sex might also be important, but there is scant evidence for this. The aim of this study was to assess whether there is a sex difference in salivary caffeine clearance in adults.
methodsA cohort of 213 adults was studied. They were all non-smokers and none suffered from chronic liver disease. They consisted of 67 men (mean age 40.0 years) and 146 women (mean age 44.7 years). Following a period of dietary caffeine abstinence lasting at least 24 h, each subject ingested a single oral dose in the morning of caffeine, at a dose of 3 mg per kg body mass. Salivary samples were collected at 2 h and 14 h post-caffeine ingestion and were spectrophotometrically assayed for their caffeine concentrations.
resultsThe two groups were matched for age. The mean (standard error) salivary caffeine clearance in the male subjects was 1.51 (0.10) mL min
conclusionThis relatively large study provides no evidence of a sex difference in salivary caffeine clearance.
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Registered trials
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