Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32071224›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2020

Analytical distributions for detailed models of stochastic gene expression in eukaryotic cells.

Zhixing Cao, Ramon Grima

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 72 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
72citing papers in PubMed
11.8field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

72 citing papers in PubMed, 188 citations in OpenAlex.

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  10. Intrinsic OASL expression governs heterogeneity in interferon induction during influenza A virus infection.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
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12 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Zhixing CaoThe Key Laboratory of Advanced Control and Optimization for Chemical Processes, Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China.ORCID 0000-0003-2600-5806
Ramon GrimaSchool of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3BF, United Kingdom ramon.grima@ed.ac.uk.
East China University of Science and Technology · CNUniversity of Edinburgh · GB

Funding

Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council BB/M018040/1Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council BB/M025551/1Medical Research Council
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The stochasticity of gene expression presents significant challenges to the modeling of genetic networks. A two-state model describing promoter switching, transcription, and messenger RNA (mRNA) decay is the standard model of stochastic mRNA dynamics in eukaryotic cells. Here, we extend this model to include mRNA maturation, cell division, gene replication, dosage compensation, and growth-dependent transcription. We derive expressions for the time-dependent distributions of nascent mRNA and mature mRNA numbers, provided two assumptions hold: 1) nascent mRNA dynamics are much faster than those of mature mRNA; and 2) gene-inactivation events occur far more frequently than gene-activation events. We confirm that thousands of eukaryotic genes satisfy these assumptions by using data from yeast, mouse, and human cells. We use the expressions to perform a sensitivity analysis of the coefficient of variation of mRNA fluctuations averaged over the cell cycle, for a large number of genes in mouse embryonic stem cells, identifying degradation and gene-activation rates as the most sensitive parameters. Furthermore, it is shown that, despite the model's complexity, the time-dependent distributions predicted by our model are generally well approximated by the negative binomial distribution. Finally, we extend our model to include translation, protein decay, and auto-regulatory feedback, and derive expressions for the approximate time-dependent protein-number distributions, assuming slow protein decay. Our expressions enable us to study how complex biological processes contribute to the fluctuations of gene products in eukaryotic cells, as well as allowing a detailed quantitative comparison with experimental data via maximum-likelihood methods.

Indexed as

Models, GeneticModels, StatisticalTranscriptomeAnimalsCell CycleCells, CulturedGene Expression ProfilingGenetic VariationHumansMiceRNA, MessengerRNA StabilitySingle-Cell AnalysisStochastic ProcessesYeastsRNA, Messengermaster equationperturbation theorystochastic gene expression

Identifiers

PMID32071224
PMCPMC7060679
OpenAlexW3007264533

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.