ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2020
Timing and magnitude of Southern Ocean sea ice/carbon cycle feedbacks.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 68 citations in OpenAlex.
- Ocean carbon sequestration during glacial climates due to combined Antarctic sea ice expansion and ocean circulation change.Science advances · 2026Article
- Glacial dysoxia in the deep subpolar North Atlantic during the Mid-Pleistocene Transition.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Zonally asymmetric changes in the Antarctic Circumpolar Current strength over the past million years.Nature geoscience · 2026Article
- Southern Ocean CONature communications · 2025Article
- Contributions of biological and physical dynamics to deglacial CONature communications · 2025Article
- Northern Hemisphere sea ice variability in a transient CGCM simulation of the past 2.6 Ma.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Carbon isotope budget indicates biological disequilibrium dominated ocean carbon storage at the Last Glacial Maximum.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Elephant seal foraging success is enhanced in Antarctic coastal polynyas.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2022Article
- Glacial carbon cycle changes by Southern Ocean processes with sedimentary amplification.Science advances · 2021Article
- Orbital- and millennial-scale Antarctic Circumpolar Current variability in Drake Passage over the past 140,000 years.Nature communications · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The Southern Ocean (SO) played a prominent role in the exchange of carbon between ocean and atmosphere on glacial timescales through its regulation of deep ocean ventilation. Previous studies indicated that SO sea ice could dynamically link several processes of carbon sequestration, but these studies relied on models with simplified ocean and sea ice dynamics or snapshot simulations with general circulation models. Here, we use a transient run of an intermediate complexity climate model, covering the past eight glacial cycles, to investigate the orbital-scale dynamics of deep ocean ventilation changes due to SO sea ice. Cold climates increase sea ice cover, sea ice export, and Antarctic Bottom Water formation, which are accompanied by increased SO upwelling, stronger poleward export of Circumpolar Deep Water, and a reduction of the atmospheric exposure time of surface waters by a factor of 10. Moreover, increased brine formation around Antarctica enhances deep ocean stratification, which could act to decrease vertical mixing by a factor of four compared with the current climate. Sensitivity tests with a steady-state carbon cycle model indicate that the two mechanisms combined can reduce atmospheric carbon by 40 ppm, with ocean stratification acting early within a glacial cycle to amplify the carbon cycle response.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.