ArticleInvestigative ophthalmology & visual science2020
Higher-Order Aberrations and Axial Elongation in Myopic Children Treated With Orthokeratology.
Article in Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
52 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 111 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Myopia management algorithm. Annexe to the article titled Update and guidance on management of myopia. European Society of Ophthalmology in cooperation with International Myopia Institute.European journal of ophthalmology · 2024Guideline
- Benefits and risks of orthokeratology treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis.International ophthalmology · 2024Pooled it
- Combined Small Treatment Zone Orthokeratology and Alternate-Day 0.01% Atropine for Axial Elongation Control in Rapidly Progressing Myopic Children.Translational vision science & technology · 2026Trial
- Myopia control with orthokeratology lenses. A 3-year follow-up study including a cross-over design: Clinical study Of Near-sightedness; TReatment with Orthokeratology Lenses 2 (CONTROL2 study).Acta ophthalmologica · 2025Trial
- The Impact of Back Optic Zone Design in Orthokeratology on Visual Performance.Translational vision science & technology · 2024Trial
- One-year results of the Variation of Orthokeratology Lens Treatment Zone (VOLTZ) Study: a prospective randomised clinical trial.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2021Trial
- Ocular and corneal aberrations changes in controlled randomized clinical trial MiSight® Assessment Study Spain (MASS).BMC ophthalmology · 2021Trial
- Comparative efficacy of twice-daily 0.01% atropine combined with Orthokeratology versus DIMS lenses in myopia control: an elastic net penalized regression analysis.BMC ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Orthokeratology Decentration: Topography Alignment, Tear Profile Symmetry and Induced HOAs.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2026Article
- Short-Term Effects of Orthokeratology Treatment Zone Decentration on Choroidal Thickness and Vasculature.Translational vision science & technology · 2026Article
- Comment on morning administration is more effective than evening administration of 0.01% atropine with orthokeratology for myopia control.Indian journal of ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Association Between Pupil Area and the Efficacy of Peripheral Defocus Spectacle Lenses in Myopia Control.Translational vision science & technology · 2026Article
- Ocular Dimensional Changes After 12 Months of Orthokeratology and Single-Vision Spectacle Use: A Three-Dimensional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study.Clinical optometry · 2026Article
- Effect of orthokeratology lens wear on axial length elongation in myopic children.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- The Aberrometric Effect of Corneal Plus Power Ring Distribution on Axial Length Growth in Myopic Children Undergoing Orthokeratology Treatment.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Long-Term Corneal Reshaping Using Riboflavin-UVA Crosslinking Combined With Decorin in Rabbits.Translational vision science & technology · 2025Article
- Biometric risk factors for myopia onset in emmetropic school-age children.Japanese journal of ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Standardized Corneal Topography-Driven AI for Orthokeratology Fitting: A Hybrid Deep/Machine Learning Approach With Enhanced Generalizability.Translational vision science & technology · 2025Article
- Childhood Myopia Part II: Treatment Mechanisms, Emerging Options, and Considerations.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Purpose: This retrospective longitudinal study aimed to examine the relationship between ocular higher-order aberrations (HOA) and axial eye growth in young myopic children undergoing orthokeratology (ortho-k) treatment. Methods: Axial length and ocular HOA, measured under cycloplegia annually over a 2-year period from the right eyes of myopic children, who previously completed ortho-k clinical trials, were retrieved. Linear mixed model analyses were applied to determine the association between ocular HOA, other known confounding variables (age, sex, and refractive error), and axial eye growth. Results: Data from 103 subjects were analyzed. The root-mean square (RMS) values of total ocular HOA (third to sixth orders combined), spherical (\({\rm{Z}}_4^0\) and \({\rm{Z}}_6^0\) combined), and comatic (\({\rm{Z}}_3^{ - 1}\), \({\rm{Z}}_3^1\), \({\rm{Z}}_5^{ - 1}\), and \({\rm{Z}}_5^1\) combined) aberrations increased by approximately 3, 9, and 2 times, respectively, after 2 years of ortho-k treatment. After adjusting for age, sex, and refractive error, higher RMS values of total HOA and spherical aberrations were associated with both longer axial length and slower axial elongation (all P < 0.01). For individual Zernike term coefficients, a higher level of positive spherical aberration (\({\rm{Z}}_4^0\)) was also associated with longer axial length and slower axial elongation (both P < 0.01), after adjusting for baseline HOA. Conclusions: Ortho-k for myopia control significantly increases the Zernike coefficients and therefore the RMS values for a range of total ocular HOA terms or metrics in children. These findings suggest the potential role of HOA, particularly spherical aberration, as the possible mechanism of slowing axial elongation in ortho-k treatment.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.