Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32066888›Full record

ArticleNature ecology & evolution2020

Complex long-term biodiversity change among invertebrates, bryophytes and lichens.

Charlotte L Outhwaite, Richard D Gregory, Richard E Chandler, Ben Collen, Nick J B Isaac

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In one paragraph

Article in Nature ecology & evolution, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
44citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

44 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  8. Call for new criteria for monitoring and registering Natura 2000 species data.Conservation biology : the journal of the Society for Conservation Biology · 2025
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  11. Effects of land cover and protected areas on flying insect diversity.Conservation biology : the journal of the Society for Conservation Biology · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Charlotte L OuthwaiteCentre for Ecology & Hydrology, Wallingford, UK. charlotte.outhwaite.14@ucl.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9997-6780
Richard D GregoryCentre for Biodiversity and Environment Research, University College London, London, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7419-5053
Richard E ChandlerDepartment of Statistical Science, University College London, London, UK.
Ben CollenCentre for Biodiversity and Environment Research, University College London, London, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2564-4243
Nick J B IsaacCentre for Ecology & Hydrology, Wallingford, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4869-8052

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Large-scale biodiversity changes are measured mainly through the responses of a few taxonomic groups. Much less is known about the trends affecting most invertebrates and other neglected taxa, and it is unclear whether well-studied taxa, such as vertebrates, reflect changes in wider biodiversity. Here, we present and analyse trends in the UK distributions of over 5,000 species of invertebrates, bryophytes and lichens, measured as changes in occupancy. Our results reveal substantial variation in the magnitude, direction and timing of changes over the last 45 years. Just one of the four major groups analysed, terrestrial non-insect invertebrates, exhibits the declining trend reported among vertebrates and butterflies. Both terrestrial insects and the bryophytes and lichens group increased in average occupancy. A striking pattern is found among freshwater species, which have undergone a strong recovery since the mid-1990s after two decades of decline. We show that, while average occupancy among most groups appears to have been stable or increasing, there has been substantial change in the relative commonness and rarity of individual species, indicating considerable turnover in community composition. Additionally, large numbers of species have experienced substantial declines. Our results suggest a more complex pattern of biodiversity change in the United Kingdom than previously reported.

Indexed as

ButterfliesLichensAnimalsBiodiversityEcosystemUnited Kingdom

Identifiers

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.