ArticleEuropean journal of orthodontics2020
Raloxifene administration enhances retention in an orthodontic relapse model.
Article in European journal of orthodontics, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of mesenchymal stem cell secretome on osteoclast- and osteogenesis-related markers during orthodontic relapse.Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences · 2026Article
- Pharmacological Modulation of Orthodontic Tooth Movement: Mechanisms, Clinical Implications, and Emerging Therapeutic Approaches. A Review.Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dentistry · 2026Review
- Calcium phosphate nanoclusters modify periodontium remodeling and minimize orthodontic relapse.Biomaterials · 2025Article
- Dental pulp stem cell-derived intracellular vesicles prevent orthodontic relapse by inhibiting PI3K/Akt/NF-κB-mediated osteoclast activity.Stem cell research & therapy · 2025Article
- Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes: a potential cell-free therapy for orthodontic tooth stability management.Stem cell research & therapy · 2024Review
- The effects of fulvic acids and low-level laser therapy on orthodontic retention in rats.BMC oral health · 2024Article
- Calcium phosphate nanoclusters modify periodontium remodeling and minimize orthodontic relapse.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Impact of occlusal contact pattern on dental stability and oromandibular system after orthodontic tooth movement in rats.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Effects of low level laser on periodontal tissue remodeling in hPDLCs under tensile stress.Lasers in medical science · 2023Article
- Effect of vitamin D deficiency on postorthodontic relapse: An animal study.Clinical and experimental dental research · 2023Article
- Direct 3D-Printed Orthodontic Retainers. A Systematic Review.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectivesOrthodontic relapse is a physiologic process that involves remodelling of the alveolar bone and principle periodontal ligament fibres. Raloxifene is an Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved selective oestrogen receptor modulator that inhibits systemic bone loss. In our study, we examined the effects of Raloxifene on alveolar bone modelling and orthodontic relapse in a rodent model. MATERIALS AND
methodsThe efficacy of raloxifene was evaluated in 15-week-old male Wistar rats, 8 in each group (Control, Raloxifene, Raloxifene + 7-day relapse, Raloxifene + 14-day relapse) for a total of 42 days. All animals had 14 days of orthodontic tooth movement with a closed nickel-titanium coil spring tied from incisors to right first molar applying 5-8 gm of force. On the day of appliance removal, impression was taken with silicon material and the distance between first molar and second molar was filled with light-cured adhesive resin cement for retention phase. Raloxifene Retention, Raloxifene Retention + 7D, Raloxifene Retention + 14D groups received 14 daily doses of raloxifene (2.0 mg/kg/day) subcutaneously after orthodontic tooth movement during retention. After 14 days of retention, the retainer was removed and right first molar was allowed to relapse for a period of 14 days. Raloxifene injection continued for the Raloxifene + 14-day relapse group during relapse phase too. Control group received saline injections during retention. Animals were euthanized by CO2 inhalation. The outcome measure included percentage of relapse, bone volume fraction, tissue density, and histology analysis using tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining and determining receptor activator of nuclear factor-кB-ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin expression.
resultsRaloxifene Retention + 14D group had significantly less (P < 0.05) orthodontic relapse when compared with other groups. There was a significant increase (P < 0.05) in bone volume fraction and tissue density in the Raloxifene Retention + 14D group when compared with other groups. Similarly, there was significant decrease in number of osteoclasts and RANKL expression in Raloxifene Retention + 14D group when compared with Raloxifene Retention + 7D group (P < 0.05).
conclusionRaloxifene could decrease post-orthodontic treatment relapse by decreasing bone resorption and indirectly enhancing bone formation.
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