ArticleThe journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences2021
Race, Gender, and Socioeconomic Variations in C-Reactive Protein Using the Health and Retirement Study.
Article in The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Age- and Sex-Dependent Interpretation of C-Reactive Protein Cutoffs: A Sixteen-Year Large-Scale Clinical Laboratory Data Analysis.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Long-Term Outcomes After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention According to the High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein-to-Albumin Ratio in Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in China.Reviews in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Article
- Associations between parental history of dementia and plasma markers of inflammation in a multi-ethnic middle-aged community of adults.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Article
- Proteomic pathways mediating low socioeconomic status and cardiovascular events in older adults in CHS and ARIC.Atherosclerosis · 2026Article
- Evaluation of regional differences, age, and sex variations in hematological parameters among adolescents in Sudan: a multicenter community-based cross-sectional study.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Article
- Developing and validating a nomogram to forecast clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula following distal pancreatectomy.Gland surgery · 2025Article
- Perceived discrimination and monocyte abundance in older adults: Findings from the Health and Retirement Study.Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2025Article
- A Phenome-Wide association study (PheWAS) of genetic risk for C-reactive protein in children of European Ancestry: Results from the ABCD study.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2025Article
- Using machine-learning to identify differences in the association between blood-based biomarkers and later life health across race and ethnicity.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2025Article
- Upward Mobility Context and Health Outcomes and Behaviors during Transition to Adulthood: The Intersectionality of Race and Sex.Journal of health and social behavior · 2025Article
- A Comprehensive Clinical Evaluation of Rilonacept in the Treatment of Recurrent Pericarditis: A Systematic Review.Journal of inflammation research · 2025Review
- Comprehensive Clinical Analysis of Rilonacept in the Treatment of Cryopyrin-Associated Periodic Syndromes: A Systematic Review.Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare · 2025Review
- Article
- The association between religious beliefs and values with inflammation among Middle-age and older adults.Aging & mental health · 2024Article
- Whole genome sequencing based analysis of inflammation biomarkers in the Trans-Omics for Precision Medicine (TOPMed) consortium.Human molecular genetics · 2024Article
- The mediating role of systemic inflammation and moderating role of racialization in disparities in incident dementia.Communications medicine · 2024Article
- Quality of Life and C-Reactive Protein in Patients with Schizophrenia: A Cross-Sectional Study.Alpha psychiatry · 2024Article
- Looking Upstream to Understand Race/Ethnicity as a Moderator for Poststroke Neuroinflammation and a Social Determinant for Poststroke Aphasia Outcomes.American journal of speech-language pathology · 2024Article
- Association between psychosocial factors and C-reactive protein across income, race, and sex.Health psychology : official journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association · 2024Article
- The association between socioeconomic status and C-reactive protein in Bayesian perspective.SSM - population health · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesTo clarify the relationships among race, gender, and socioeconomic status (SES) with C-reactive protein (CRP).
methodThe present study analyzed data from 6,521 Black and White respondents aged 51 and older in the Health and Retirement Study, a nationally representative sample of midlife and older adults, to address two aims. We sought to (i) assess the independent associations between race, gender, and SES with CRP concentrations and (ii) test whether race, gender, and SES interacted to produce unequal CRP concentrations cross-sectionally and over a 4-year follow-up.
resultsThe results demonstrated that race, gender, and SES were each independently associated with baseline CRP, but only SES was associated with CRP at follow-up. Furthermore, race, gender, and education interacted to produce differential CRP levels at baseline. There were incremental benefits for each additional level of education for White men and women, but the relationship between education and CRP was more complicated for Black men and women. Compared with other race/gender groups with less than high school, Black women had the highest and Black men had the lowest levels of CRP. There were no apparent benefits to CRP for Black women with college compared with Black women with high school, while Black men with less than high school and college had similar concentrations of CRP. DISCUSSION: In clarifying the complexity inherent in CRP disparities, this work contributes to a greater understanding of the biological mechanisms underlying racial disparities in leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the United States.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.