ArticleSupportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer2020
Validation of two short versions of the Zarit Burden Interview in the palliative care setting: a questionnaire to assess the burden of informal caregivers.
Article in Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Factorial structure of quality of life, satisfaction with caregiving and caregiver burden in palliative care: A systematic review.Nursing open · 2024Pooled it
- Effectiveness, feasibility, and acceptance of a general practice-based supportive intervention for dementia caregivers: the AD HOC trial.European geriatric medicine · 2026Trial
- Project DECIDE II: evaluating the efficacy of supported advance care decision making within routine care in dementia: a randomized controlled trial.BMC medical ethics · 2025Trial
- Insomnia Symptoms Among Hospice Family Caregivers: Prevalence and Association with Caregiver Mental and Physical Health, Quality of Life, and Caregiver Burden.The American journal of hospice & palliative care · 2023Trial
- Conducting a randomized controlled clinical trial on palliative care in patients with glioblastoma - what are the challenges?Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2026Article
- The burden of care: Health and wellbeing of informal caregivers of people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.Palliative & supportive care · 2026Article
- Examining the face validity of the EQ-HWB-9 in dementia: caregiver interpretation across "Today" and "7-Day" recall periods.Health and quality of life outcomes · 2026Article
- Caregiver burden in children with medical complexity: an approach based on the identification of associated factors.Revista paulista de pediatria : orgao oficial da Sociedade de Pediatria de Sao Paulo · 2026Article
- Far from being the end of the road: taking a closer look at neuropalliative care in Parkinson's disease.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2025Review
- Caregiving dynamics and labor market outcomes of unorganized caregivers of older adults in Ghana.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2025Article
- Caregiver Burden and 30-Day Emergency Department Revisits.JAMA network open · 2025Article
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- Educational community intervention with nonformal caregivers in a rural population to improve knowledge and resources related to palliative care: Study protocol.Palliative care and social practice · 2025Article
- Psychological burden and depressive symptoms in caregivers of hemato-oncological patients: the role of medical visits.Blood advances · 2024Article
- Nursing Support for Caregiver Burden in Family Caregivers of Patients With Cancer: A Scoping Review.The American journal of hospice & palliative care · 2024Article
- Caregivers' burden of care during emergency department care transitions among older adults: a mixed methods cohort study.BMC geriatrics · 2024Observational
- The challenge of identifying family carers in general practice at an early stage and measuring their burden: A scoping review of possible tools and their actual use.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2024Article
- Implementing Dementia Care Management into routine care: protocol for a cohort study in Siegen-Wittgenstein, Germany (RoutineDeCM).BMJ open · 2024Article
- Understanding and alleviating informal caregiver burden through the development and validation of a caregiver strain index-based model in Taiwan.BMC geriatrics · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeSeveral validated outcome measures, among them the Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI), are valid for measuring caregiver burden in advanced cancer and dementia. However, they have not been validated for a wider palliative care (PC) setting with non-cancer disease. The purpose was to validate ZBI-1 (ultra-short version and proxy rating) and ZBI-7 short versions for PC.
methodsIn a prospective, cross-sectional study with informal caregivers of patients in inpatient (PC unit, hospital palliative support team) and outpatient (home care team) PC settings of a large university hospital, content validity and acceptability of the ZBI and its structural validity (via confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and Rasch analysis) were tested. Reliability assessment used internal consistency and inter-rater reliability and construct validity used known-group comparisons and a priori hypotheses on correlations with Brief Symptom Inventory, Short Form-12, and Distress Thermometer.
resultsEighty-four participants (63.1% women; mean age 59.8, SD 14.4) were included. Structural validity assessment confirmed the unidimensional structure of ZBI-7 both in CFA and Rasch analysis. The item on overall burden was the best item for the ultra-short version ZBI-1. Higher burden was recorded for women and those with poorer physical health. Internal consistency was good (Cronbach's α = 0.83). Inter-rater reliability was moderate as proxy ratings estimated caregivers' burden higher than self-ratings (average measures ICC = 0.51; CI = 0.23-.69; p = 0.001).
conclusionThe ZBI-7 is a valid instrument for measuring caregiver burden in PC. The ultra-short ZBI-1 can be used as a quick and proxy assessment, with the caveat of overestimating burden.
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