ArticleHealth promotion international2020
Overabundance of unhealthy food advertising targeted to children on Guatemalan television.
Article in Health promotion international, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Food and beverage marketing directed at youth in 11 Latin American countries: a scoping review.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Testing a nutrient composition threshold model to classify brands for marketing restrictions.PloS one · 2024Article
- Monitoring Food Marketing Directed to Portuguese Children Broadcasted on Television.Nutrients · 2023Article
- Establishing the Minimum Media Time Sample Required to Obtain Reliable Estimates of Children's Digital Media Food Marketing Exposures.Current developments in nutrition · 2023Article
- Ultraprocessed Products as Food Fortification Alternatives: A Critical Appraisal from Latin America.Nutrients · 2022Review
- Are the Italian Children Exposed to Advertisements of Nutritionally Appropriate Foods?Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Content Analysis of Food and Beverage Advertisements on TV, Radio, and Billboards in Iran.Inquiry : a journal of medical care organization, provision and financingArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
To assess, for the first time, the extent (by hour channel) and nature (e.g. persuasive marketing techniques (PMT) and health-related claims) of unhealthy food advertisements (ads) targeted at children (3-11 years) on the six most-watched television (TV) channels in Guatemala. We recorded 864 h of video on the six most popular channels featuring children's programmes. We classified food and beverage ads as permitted or non-permitted for marketing to children, according to the 2015 World Health Organisation (WHO) nutrient profile. Furthermore, we also analysed PMT (i.e. premium offers, promotional characters, brand benefit claims) and health-related claims. Most food ads (85%) were non-permitted to be marketed to children. Non-permitted food ads were six times more likely, either on weekdays or weekends, for all programme and channel categories compared with permitted food ads. There was no difference in the frequency of non-permitted food ads between peak and non-peak hours, weekend and weekdays or children and non-children programmes. PMT and health-related claims were present in all food ads (5.3 ± 1.9 techniques/claims per ad). There is a need to regulate food ads on TV channels featuring children's programmes in Guatemala as a result of a high frequency of non-permitted food ads and extensive use of PMT together with health-related claims.
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