ReviewRetrovirology2020
The challenge of describing the epidemiology of HTLV in the Amazon region of Brazil.
Review in Retrovirology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Prevalence of human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 and 2 (HTLV-1/-2) infection in pregnant women in Brazil: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2021Pooled it
- Prevalence of Human T-Lymphotropic Viruses 1 and 2 in Individuals Infected with Hepatitis C Virus in Belém do Pará, Brazil.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2026Article
- Review
- HTLV-1 vaccination Landscape: Current developments and challenges.Vaccine: X · 2024Review
- Article
- Fibromyalgia in patients infected with HTLV-1 and HTLV-2.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Article
- Long-term prevalence follow-up (1967-2022) of HTLV-2 among vulnerable indigenous populations in the Amazon region of Brazil.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Article
- Genetic typing and intrafamilial transmission of human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 in non-endemic areas of China.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Article
- Article
- Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats (SWOT) Analysis of the Implementation of Public Health Policies on HTLV-1 in Brazil.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Article
- Occupational Therapy for People Living With Human T-Lymphotropic Virus 1: Importance and Effectiveness of an Intervention Plan at the Level of Prevention and Rehabilitation.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Article
- HTLV-1 Is Also a Sexually Transmitted Infection.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
- Spread of Human T-Lymphotropic Virus 1 and 2 Among Relatives of People Who Use Illicit Drugs in Northern Brazil.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- Real-World Data on Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma in Latin America: A Study From the Grupo de Estudio Latinoamericano de Linfoproliferativos.JCO global oncology · 2021Article
- Review
- Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 infection among Japanese immigrants and their descendants living in Southeast Brazil: A call for preventive and control responses.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2021Article
- Prevalence and evolutionary analyses of human T-cell lymphotropic virus in Guangdong province, China: Transcontinental and Japanese subtype lineages dominate the prevalence.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2021Article
- Brazilian Protocol for Sexually Transmitted Infections 2020: human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV) infection.Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical · 2021Article
- HTLV in South America: Origins of a silent ancient human infection.Virus evolution · 2020Article
- Molecular Epidemiology of HIV-1 and HTLV-1/2 Among Female Sex Workers in Four Cities in the State of Para, Northern Brazil.Frontiers in microbiology · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
HTLV-1 was the first described human retrovirus and was soon found to be associated with severe clinical diseases, including a devastating lymphoma/leukemia and other inflammatory diseases. Although HTLV-2 is not usually pathogenic, it is widely distributed among native Indian populations in Brazil, particularly in the Amazon region of the country. Presently, HTLV spreads mainly by the sexual route and from mother to child, and virus persistence is an active biological factor aiding its transmission. Recently, the use of illicit drugs has been shown to be an additional risk factor, showing the influence of new habits on the epidemiology of HTLV in the region. Despite the detection of the virus in several different populations in the Amazon region of Brazil for almost 30 years, the exact prevalence of HTLV-1/2 is not well defined. The original biases in sampling and the selection of epidemiologically unsuitable populations were commonly repeated in most prevalence studies, generating unreliable and conflicting figures that do not represent the actual prevalence of HTLV. The improvements in clinical and laboratory facilities have resulted in the description of several clinical manifestations that were previously unknown in the region. The extent of the spread of the virus must be defined in this region, which is the largest geographical area of the country. As prophylaxis advances toward the use of vaccines against HTLV-1, it is important to determine who is at risk of being infected and developing a disease to successfully implement preventive measures, particularly as proposals are made to eradicate the virus among humans.
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