ArticleVirology2020
SPINT2 inhibits proteases involved in activation of both influenza viruses and metapneumoviruses.
Article in Virology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Membrane-Anchored Serine Protease Inhibitors: Physiological Functions, Mechanisms, and Roles in Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Human metapneumovirus: understanding the molecular mechanisms and pathology of infection.Journal of virology · 2025Review
- Trypstatin as a Novel TMPRSS2 Inhibitor with Broad-Spectrum Efficacy against Corona and Influenza Viruses.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Effects of embryonic origin, tissue cues and pathological signals on fibroblast diversity in humans.Nature cell biology · 2025Review
- TMPRSS2 as a Key Player in Viral Pathogenesis: Influenza and Coronaviruses.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- Host Cell Proteases Involved in Human Respiratory Viral Infections and Their Inhibitors: A Review.Viruses · 2024Review
- Experimental verification and identifying biomarkers related to insomnia.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Article
- Article
- The Transmembrane Protease TMPRSS2 as a Therapeutic Target for COVID-19 Treatment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Hemagglutinins of Avian Influenza Viruses Are Proteolytically Activated by TMPRSS2 in Human and Murine Airway Cells.Journal of virology · 2021Article
- The endogenous cellular protease inhibitor SPINT2 controls SARS-CoV-2 viral infection and is associated to disease severity.PLoS pathogens · 2021Article
- Co-expression of SARS-CoV-2 entry genes in the superficial adult human conjunctival, limbal and corneal epithelium suggests an additional route of entry via the ocular surface.The ocular surface · 2021Article
- Bioinformatics analyses of significant genes, related pathways, and candidate diagnostic biomarkers and molecular targets in SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19.Gene reports · 2020Article
- Aprotinin Inhibits SARS-CoV-2 Replication.Cells · 2020Article
- CaJournal of virology · 2020Article
- Membrane-anchored serine proteases as regulators of epithelial function.Biochemical Society transactions · 2020Review
- COVID-19: Targeting Proteases in Viral Invasion and Host Immune Response.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2020Review
- Priming of SARS-CoV-2 S protein by several membrane-bound serine proteinases could explain enhanced viral infectivity and systemic COVID-19 infection.The Journal of biological chemistryReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Viruses possessing class I fusion proteins require proteolytic activation by host cell proteases to mediate fusion with the host cell membrane. The mammalian SPINT2 gene encodes a protease inhibitor that targets trypsin-like serine proteases. Here we show the protease inhibitor, SPINT2, restricts cleavage-activation efficiently for a range of influenza viruses and for human metapneumovirus (HMPV). SPINT2 treatment resulted in the cleavage and fusion inhibition of full-length influenza A/CA/04/09 (H1N1) HA, A/Aichi/68 (H3N2) HA, A/Shanghai/2/2013 (H7N9) HA and HMPV F when activated by trypsin, recombinant matriptase or KLK5. We also demonstrate that SPINT2 was able to reduce viral growth of influenza A/CA/04/09 H1N1 and A/X31 H3N2 in cell culture by inhibiting matriptase or TMPRSS2. Moreover, inhibition efficacy did not differ whether SPINT2 was added at the time of infection or 24 h post-infection. Our data suggest that the SPINT2 inhibitor has a strong potential to serve as a novel broad-spectrum antiviral.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.