ArticleJournal of affective disorders2020
Atypical immune response to Epstein-Barr virus in major depressive disorder.
Article in Journal of affective disorders, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Risk factors for unnatural mortality in persons with serious mental illness.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Cytokine Blockade Attenuates Inflammation and Improves Depressive Psychopathology After COVID-19: A Naturalistic Observational Study.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2025Observational
- Unravelling the Viral Hypothesis of Schizophrenia: A Comprehensive Review of Mechanisms and Evidence.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Transcriptomic Alterations in the Hippocampus and Prefrontal Cortex of Rats with Chronic Unpredictable Stress Induced by Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
- Shared interactions of six neurotropic viruses with 38 human proteins: a computational and literature-based exploration of viral interactions and hijacking of human proteins in neuropsychiatric disorders.Discover mental health · 2025Article
- Association of HHV‑6 reactivation and SLC6A3 (C>T, rs40184), BDNF (C>T, rs6265), and JARID2 (G>A, rs9383046) single nucleotide polymorphisms in depression.Biomedical reports · 2024Article
- Is There such a Thing as Post-Viral Depression?: Implications for Precision Medicine.Biomolecules & therapeutics · 2024Review
- Preferential and sustained platelet activation in COVID-19 survivors with mental disorders.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Higher Seasonal Variation of Systemic Inflammation in Bipolar Disorder.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Microbes and Mental Illness: Past, Present, and Future.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Review
- Cigarette smoking is associated with Herpesviruses in persons with and without serious mental illness.PloS one · 2023Article
- Therapeutic Implications of the Microbial Hypothesis of Mental Illness.Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · 2023Review
- Depression compromises antiviral innate immunity via the AVP-AHI1-Tyk2 axis.Cell research · 2022Article
- Risk factors for natural cause mortality in a cohort of 1494 persons with serious mental illness.Psychiatry research · 2021Article
- Exposure to Epstein Barr virus and cognitive functioning in individuals with schizophrenia.Schizophrenia research · 2021Article
- A Systematic Analysis on the Genes and Their Interaction Underlying the Comorbidity of Alzheimer's Disease and Major Depressive Disorder.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAn atypical immune response to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection has been associated with several complex diseases including schizophrenia. The etiology of MDD is unclear; host immune response to EBV infection could play a role.
methodsWe utilized solid phase immunoassays and western blots to measure antibodies to EBV virions, specific viral proteins, and 5 other herpesviruses in 87 individuals with MDD and 312 control individuals.
resultsIndividuals with MDD had significantly reduced levels of reactivity to EBV Nuclear Antigen-1. Quantitative levels of antibodies to EBV virions and Viral Capsid Antigen did not differ between groups. Individuals with decreased levels of anti-Nuclear Antigen-1, or elevated levels of anti-virion had increased odds of being in the MDD group. The odds of MDD were elevated in individuals who had the combination of high levels of anti-virion and low levels of anti-Nuclear Antigen-1 (OR =13.6). Western blot analysis corroborated decreased reactivity to Nuclear Antigen-1 in the MDD group and revealed altered levels of antibodies to other EBV proteins. There was a trend towards decreased levels of antibodies to varicella virus in the group of individuals with MDD. LIMITATIONS: The MDD sample size was relatively small. There could be unmeasured factors that account for the association between MDD and the immune response to EBV.
conclusionsIndividuals with MDD have altered levels and patterns of antibodies to EBV antigens. This atypical response could contribute to the immunopathology of MDD. Therapeutic interventions available for treatment of EBV infection could potentially be of benefit in MDD.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.