ArticleEarly intervention in psychiatry2021
Changes in inflammation are related to depression and amount of aerobic exercise in first episode schizophrenia.
Article in Early intervention in psychiatry, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association Between Physical Activity, Heart Rate Variability and Major Depressive Disorders: An Umbrella Review.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Pooled it
- Linking Inflammation, Aberrant Glutamate-Dopamine Interaction, and Post-synaptic Changes: Translational Relevance for Schizophrenia and Antipsychotic Treatment: a Systematic Review.Molecular neurobiology · 2022Pooled it
- Aerobic Exercise for Cognitive and Functional Enhancement in Schizophrenia: Evidence, Mechanisms, and Practical Recommendations.Schizophrenia bulletin open · 2026Article
- The Impact of Regular Physical Exercise on Psychopathology, Cognition, and Quality of Life in Patients Diagnosed with Schizophrenia: A Scoping Review.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Study on the Mechanism for SIRT1 during the Process of Exercise Improving Depression.Brain sciences · 2023Review
- Old and New Biomarkers for Infection, Inflammation, and Autoimmunity in Treatment-Resistant Affective and Schizophrenic Spectrum Disorders.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Reduced Serum Levels of Soluble Interleukin-15 Receptor α in Schizophrenia and Its Relationship to the Excited Phenotype.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
- Exploring low grade inflammation by soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor levels in schizophrenia: a sex-dependent association with depressive symptoms.BMC psychiatry · 2021Observational
- The Effects and Mechanisms of Exercise on the Treatment of Depression.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
introductionElevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines have been reported in meta-analyses of multi-episode schizophrenia patients when compared to controls. However, little is known about whether these same relationships are present in the early course of schizophrenia.
objectiveTo assess first episode schizophrenia patients for depression and to assay blood samples collected at baseline and at 6 months for interleukin-6 (IL-6). MATERIALS AND
methodsTrained raters used the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale to assess depressive symptoms and a standard lab assay kit to assess for IL-6 levels in plasma.
conclusionsDecreases in pro-inflammatory IL-6 levels were significantly related to decreases in depressive symptoms. Within a subset of patients in a 6-month aerobic exercise protocol, the number of exercise sessions completed was significantly correlated with the amount of decrease in IL-6. The reductions observed in IL-6 with aerobic exercise suggest exercise is a promising intervention to reduce brain inflammation effects in schizophrenia patients.
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Registered trials
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