ArticleMedical physics2020
Imaging luminescent tattoo inks for direct visualization of linac and cobalt irradiation.
Article in Medical physics, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Radiotherapy beam tracking by dual-modality injectable fiducial marker for X-ray CT and Cherenkov luminescence imaging.Biomedical optics express · 2026Article
- Review of Cherenkov imaging technology advances in radiotherapy: single-photon-level imaging in high ambient light and radiation backgrounds.Biophotonics discovery · 2024Review
- Smart Tattoo Sensors 2.0: A Ten-Year Progress Report through a Narrative Review.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Enhancing self-care implementation and reducing marker detachment rates in cancer radiotherapy patients through diverse nursing care strategies.Tzu chi medical journalArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
purposeTattoo fiducials are commonly used in radiotherapy patient alignment, and recent studies have examined the use of UV-excited luminescent tattoo ink as a cosmetic substitute to make these visible under UV illumination. The goal of this study was to show how luminescent tattoo inks could be excited with MV radiation and imaged during beam delivery for direct visualization of field position.
methodsA survey of nine UV-sensitive tattoo inks with various emission spectra were investigated using both UV and MV excitation. Images of liquid solutions were collected under MV excitation using an intensified-CMOS imager. Solid skin-simulating phantoms were imaged with both surface-painted ink and in situ tattooing during dose delivery by both a clinical linear accelerator and cobalt-60 source.
resultsThe UV inks have peak fluorescence emission ranging from approximately 440 to 600 nm with lifetimes near 11-16 μs. The luminescence intensity is approximately 6x higher during the x-ray pulse than after the pulse, however, the signal-to-noise is only approximately twice as large. Spatial resolution for imaging was achieved at 1.6 mm accuracy in a skin test phantom. Optical filtering allows for continuous imaging using a cobalt source and provides a mechanism to discriminate ink colors using a monochromatic image sensor.
conclusionsThis study demonstrates how low-cost inks can be used as fiducial markers and imaged both using time-gated and continuous modes during MV dose delivery. Phantom studies demonstrate the potential application of real-time field verification. Further studies are required to understand if this technique could be used as a tool for radiation dosimetry.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.