ArticleAging medicine (Milton (N.S.W))2019
Sex differences in the relative heterogeneity of frailty in relation to age, frailty, health protection, and five-year mortality.
Article in Aging medicine (Milton (N.S.W)), 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- How human and animal frailty index studies can inform each other: a brief narrative review.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2026Review
- Frailty Status Among the Elderly of Different Genders and the Death Risk: A Follow-Up Study.Frontiers in medicine · 2021Article
- Sex differences in the relative heterogeneity of frailty in relation to age, frailty, health protection, and five-year mortality.Aging medicine (Milton (N.S.W)) · 2019Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPrevious studies have suggested that the relative heterogeneity of frailty declines with increases in age and the level of the frailty index (FI). In this study, we investigated the sex difference in the relative heterogeneity of frailty and its response to health-protective factors, in a Chinese community sample.
methodsData used for this secondary analysis were obtained from the Beijing Longitudinal Study of Aging that involved 3257 community-dwelling Chinese people aged 55 years and older at baseline. An FI was constructed for each indicial using 35 variables assessing health-related problems. A protection index (PI) consisting of 27 variables assessing lifestyle and social engagement was also built. The relative heterogeneity of frailty, as measured by the coefficient of variation (CV) of the FI, was calculated as the ratio of the standard deviation to the mean FI for different age, FI, and PI groups, and for the five-year survival status.
resultsThe CV decreased with the increase in age (
conclusionsOur data demonstrate that a gender difference exists in the relative heterogeneity of frailty, which is negatively related to age and frailty as well as positively associated with health protection and the five-year survival.
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Registered trials
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