Trial reportScientific reports2020
Instability Resistance Training improves Working Memory, Processing Speed and Response Inhibition in Healthy Older Adults: A Double-Blinded Randomised Controlled Trial.
Trial report in Scientific reports, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Physical activity improves the visual-spatial working memory of individuals with mild cognitive impairment or Alzheimer's disease: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2024Pooled it
- Effect of a 24-week resistance exercise intervention on cognitive function in cognitively normal older adults: The AGUEDA randomized controlled trial.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Trial
- Trial
- Long-Term Flywheel Resistance Training Enhances Cognitive Flexibility in Older Women: A 36-Week Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2026Article
- The Muscle-Brain Axis in Aging: Mechanistic and Clinical Perspectives on Resistance Training and Cognitive Function.Biology · 2026Review
- Speed and Accuracy of a Stepping-Over Motion in Older Women Under Dual-Task Conditions: A Cross-Sectional Study.Cureus · 2026Article
- Strength Training in Children: A Systematic Review Study.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Effects of Resistance Training on Executive Functions of Cognitively Healthy Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocol.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Flexibility, Resistance, Aerobic, Movement Execution (FRAME) training program to improve gait capacity in adults with Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia: protocol for a single-cohort feasibility trial.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Article
- Health Behavior Change to Mitigate Dementia Risk: An Updated Review.Current geriatrics reports · 2024Article
- Resistance exercising on unstable surface leads to Pupil Dilation.BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation · 2024Article
- Associations between physical exercise type, fluid intelligence, executive function, and processing speed in the oldest-old (85 +).GeroScience · 2024Article
- The Impact of an Outdoor Motor-Cognitive Exercise Programme on the Health Outcomes of Older Adults in Community Settings: A Pilot and Feasibility Study.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- The Effect of Balance-Based Interventions on Cognitive Functions of the Healthy and MCI Elderly: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Medical journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran · 2024Review
- Concurrent Training Increases Serum Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in Older Adults Regardless of the Exercise Frequency.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2022Article
- Effects of human concurrent aerobic and resistance training on cognitive health: A systematic review with meta-analysis.International journal of clinical and health psychology : IJCHPArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Aging is associated with declines in physical and cognitive performance. While there is no doubt about beneficial effects of physical exercise on proxies of strength and balance, the overall evidence for positive effects of resistance and balance training on executive functions is rather inconsistent. Whether the simultaneous exercising of strength and balance, i.e., instability resistance training, promotes executive functions in older adults is unknown. In the present trial, we tested the effects of unstable vs. stable resistance training on executive functions. Sixty-eight healthy older adults aged 65-79 years were randomly assigned to either an instability free-weight resistance training or one of two stable machine-based resistance training programs. Each group exercised twice a week on non-consecutive days for 10 weeks. Four tests to evaluate specific domains of executive functions were administered prior and following training: working memory, processing speed, response inhibition and set-shifting. The instability resistance training group improved working memory, processing speed and response inhibition from pre to post-test. In contrast, we found no improvements in executive functions for both stable resistance training groups. Our results demonstrate that 10 weeks of instability resistance training suffice to improve executive functions in older adults.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.