ArticlePediatrics2020
Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Breakthrough Infections: 2001-2016.
Article in Pediatrics, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- The microbiological characteristics and diagnosis ofHuman vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Review
- Clinical and microbiological characteristics of pediatric patients hospitalized for pneumococcal pneumonia before and after the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines.Revista peruana de medicina experimental y salud publica · 2025Article
- Article
- PCV13-Serotype Breakthrough Pneumococcal Disease in Infants Receiving High-Valency Conjugate Vaccines: Population-Level Modeling in France.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2025Article
- Invasive Pneumococcal Disease and Impact of 7- and 13-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccines in Singapore Children Over 24 Years.Open forum infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Article
- Article
- Pneumococcal Vaccine Breakthrough and Failure in Infants and Children: A Narrative Review.Vaccines · 2023Review
- Breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infections after vaccination: a critical review.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2022Review
- Continued Vaccine Breakthrough Cases of Serotype 3 Complicated Pneumonia in Vaccinated Children, Portugal (2016-2019).Microbiology spectrum · 2022Article
- Post-vaccination outcomes in association with four COVID-19 vaccines in the Kingdom of Bahrain.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Severe suppurative otitis media due toHuman vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
19 authors at 13 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMost countries use 3-dose pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) schedules; a 4-dose (3 primary and 1 booster) schedule is licensed for US infants. We evaluated the invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) breakthrough infection incidence in children receiving 2 vs 3 primary PCV doses with and without booster doses (2 + 1 vs 3 + 1; 2 + 0 vs 3 + 0).
methodsWe used 2001-2016 Active Bacterial Core surveillance data to identify breakthrough infections (vaccine-type IPD in children receiving ≥1 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine [PCV7] or 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine [PCV13] dose) among children aged <5 years. We estimated schedule-specific IPD incidence rates (IRs) per 100 000 person-years and compared incidence by schedule (2 + 1 vs 3 + 1; 2 + 0 vs 3 + 0) using rate differences (RDs) and incidence rate ratios.
resultsWe identified 71 PCV7 and 49 PCV13 breakthrough infections among children receiving a schedule of interest. PCV13 breakthrough infection rates were higher in children aged <1 year receiving the 2 + 0 (IR: 7.8) vs 3 + 0 (IR: 0.6) schedule (incidence rate ratio: 12.9; 95% confidence interval: 4.1-40.4); PCV7 results were similar. Differences in PCV13 breakthrough infection rates by schedule in children aged <1 year were larger in 2010-2011 (2 + 0 IR: 18.6; 3 + 0 IR: 1.4; RD: 16.6) vs 2012-2016 (2 + 0 IR: 3.6; 3 + 0 IR: 0.2; RD: 3.4). No differences between schedules were detected in children aged ≥1 year for PCV13 breakthrough infections.
conclusionsFewer PCV breakthrough infections occurred in the first year of life with 3 primary doses. Differences in breakthrough infection rates by schedule decreased as vaccine serotypes decreased in circulation.
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