ArticleEvidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM2020
Proximate Analysis and Safety Profile of Farmed Edible Bird's Nest in Malaysia and Its Effect on Cancer Cells.
Article in Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Edible Bird Nest Supplementation Enhances Male Reproductive Function: Current Insights and Future Horizons.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- The Potential of Edible Bird's Nests in Reducing Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors: A Narrative Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Safety and efficacy of oral edible bird's nest supplementation: Anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory benefits for Arabian race stallions during exercise.Veterinary world · 2025Article
- An investigation of heavy metals in edible bird's nest from Indonesia using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.Veterinary world · 2022Article
- The Authentication and Grading of Edible Bird's Nest by Metabolite, Nutritional, and Mineral Profiling.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Potential Residual Contaminants in Edible Bird's Nest.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021Review
- Edible Bird's Nest: Recent Updates and Industry Insights Based On Laboratory Findings.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021Review
- Edible Bird Nest Protects the Kidney From Gentamicin Induced Acute Tubular Necrosis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Edible bird's nest (EBN) which is solidified swiftlet's saliva contains high nutritional value. It is widely consumed in countries like Malaysia, Indonesia, and Thailand. However, previous proximate analysis of Malaysia EBN was not representative of all the regions in Malaysia. In recent years, safety issues such as high nitrate and nitrite contents, presence of heavy metal, adulteration, fungal infection, and cancer cell stimulation were associated with EBN. Hence, this study aimed to determine the proximate analysis, safety profile during normal weather and hazy periods, and its effect on cancer cells stimulation in Malaysia-farmed EBN. Seven raw cleaned EBN samples were sourced from 6 different regions in Malaysia. Proximate analysis and safety profile were performed using official AOCA methods and Malaysian Standard. High protein (53.03-56.37%) and carbohydrate content (27.97-31.68%) with an acceptable level of moisture (10.8-14.04%) and ash (2.22-3.38%) were reported. A good safety profile was obtained with low nitrite and nitrate levels, with undetectable heavy metals and no significant growth of pathogenic microorganism except mould. Epidermal growth factor was detected but below the quantification level with the chicken EGF ELISA kit. The microculture tetrazolium (MTT) assay was performed for growth stimulation assessment comparing human EGF and EBN. There was no significant cell growth observed in cancer cells after EBN treatment. In conclusion, EBN Malaysia has a good nutritional profile, free of heavy metals, and an acceptable level of nitrate, nitrite, and microorganism profile except for mould contents. Furthermore, the
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