Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32051244›Full record

GuidelineNeurology2020

Practice guideline: Treatment for insomnia and disrupted sleep behavior in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder: Report of the Guideline Development, Dissemination, and Implementation Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology.

Ashura Williams Buckley, Deborah Hirtz, Maryam Oskoui, Melissa J Armstrong, Anshu Batra, Carolyn Bridgemohan, Daniel Coury, Geraldine Dawson, Diane Donley, Robert L Findling and 16 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract readPractice Guideline
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Guideline in Neurology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 78 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
78citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
17.3field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

78 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 205 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Trial
  4. Efficacy of Liposomal Melatonin in sleep EEG in Childhood: A Double Blind Case Control Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022
    Trial
  5. Review
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  10. Observational
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  17. Review
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18 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

26 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Ashura Williams BuckleyFrom the Pediatrics and Developmental Neuroscience Branch (A.W.B., T.G., R.K., A.T.), National Institute of Mental Health, NIH, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurological Sciences (D.H.), University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.O.), McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Canada; Department of Neurology (M.J.A.), University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville; Developmental Pediatrics (A.B.), Our Special Kids Pediatric Care, Los Angeles, CA; Division of Developmental Medicine (C.B.) and Center for Pediatric Sleep Disorders (J.O.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Departments of Pediatrics and Psychiatry (D.C.), The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus; Duke Center for Autism and Brain Development (G.D., L.S.), Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC; Northern Michigan Neurology (D.D.), Traverse City; Department of Child and Behavioral Sciences (R.L.F.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (D.G.), Charleston Area Medical Center, WV; Department of Neurology (G.G.), Kansas University Medical Center, Kansas City; American Academy of Neurology (S.M.), Minneapolis, MN; Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (D.M., S.A.), Loma Linda University School of Medicine, CA; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.P.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science and MIND Institute (A.S.), University of California, Davis; Division of Neurology (R.T.), Nicklaus Children's Hospital and Miami Children's Hospital, FL; Treatment and Research Institute for Autism Spectrum Disorders (Z.W.), Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Nashville, TN; Autism Institute, College of Medicine (A.W.), Florida State University, Tallahassee; and Division of Neurology (M.W.), Rainbow Babies & Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH.
Deborah HirtzFrom the Pediatrics and Developmental Neuroscience Branch (A.W.B., T.G., R.K., A.T.), National Institute of Mental Health, NIH, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurological Sciences (D.H.), University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.O.), McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Canada; Department of Neurology (M.J.A.), University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville; Developmental Pediatrics (A.B.), Our Special Kids Pediatric Care, Los Angeles, CA; Division of Developmental Medicine (C.B.) and Center for Pediatric Sleep Disorders (J.O.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Departments of Pediatrics and Psychiatry (D.C.), The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus; Duke Center for Autism and Brain Development (G.D., L.S.), Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC; Northern Michigan Neurology (D.D.), Traverse City; Department of Child and Behavioral Sciences (R.L.F.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (D.G.), Charleston Area Medical Center, WV; Department of Neurology (G.G.), Kansas University Medical Center, Kansas City; American Academy of Neurology (S.M.), Minneapolis, MN; Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (D.M., S.A.), Loma Linda University School of Medicine, CA; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.P.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science and MIND Institute (A.S.), University of California, Davis; Division of Neurology (R.T.), Nicklaus Children's Hospital and Miami Children's Hospital, FL; Treatment and Research Institute for Autism Spectrum Disorders (Z.W.), Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Nashville, TN; Autism Institute, College of Medicine (A.W.), Florida State University, Tallahassee; and Division of Neurology (M.W.), Rainbow Babies & Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH.
Maryam OskouiFrom the Pediatrics and Developmental Neuroscience Branch (A.W.B., T.G., R.K., A.T.), National Institute of Mental Health, NIH, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurological Sciences (D.H.), University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.O.), McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Canada; Department of Neurology (M.J.A.), University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville; Developmental Pediatrics (A.B.), Our Special Kids Pediatric Care, Los Angeles, CA; Division of Developmental Medicine (C.B.) and Center for Pediatric Sleep Disorders (J.O.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Departments of Pediatrics and Psychiatry (D.C.), The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus; Duke Center for Autism and Brain Development (G.D., L.S.), Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC; Northern Michigan Neurology (D.D.), Traverse City; Department of Child and Behavioral Sciences (R.L.F.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (D.G.), Charleston Area Medical Center, WV; Department of Neurology (G.G.), Kansas University Medical Center, Kansas City; American Academy of Neurology (S.M.), Minneapolis, MN; Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (D.M., S.A.), Loma Linda University School of Medicine, CA; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.P.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science and MIND Institute (A.S.), University of California, Davis; Division of Neurology (R.T.), Nicklaus Children's Hospital and Miami Children's Hospital, FL; Treatment and Research Institute for Autism Spectrum Disorders (Z.W.), Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Nashville, TN; Autism Institute, College of Medicine (A.W.), Florida State University, Tallahassee; and Division of Neurology (M.W.), Rainbow Babies & Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH.
Melissa J ArmstrongFrom the Pediatrics and Developmental Neuroscience Branch (A.W.B., T.G., R.K., A.T.), National Institute of Mental Health, NIH, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurological Sciences (D.H.), University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.O.), McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Canada; Department of Neurology (M.J.A.), University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville; Developmental Pediatrics (A.B.), Our Special Kids Pediatric Care, Los Angeles, CA; Division of Developmental Medicine (C.B.) and Center for Pediatric Sleep Disorders (J.O.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Departments of Pediatrics and Psychiatry (D.C.), The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus; Duke Center for Autism and Brain Development (G.D., L.S.), Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC; Northern Michigan Neurology (D.D.), Traverse City; Department of Child and Behavioral Sciences (R.L.F.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (D.G.), Charleston Area Medical Center, WV; Department of Neurology (G.G.), Kansas University Medical Center, Kansas City; American Academy of Neurology (S.M.), Minneapolis, MN; Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (D.M., S.A.), Loma Linda University School of Medicine, CA; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.P.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science and MIND Institute (A.S.), University of California, Davis; Division of Neurology (R.T.), Nicklaus Children's Hospital and Miami Children's Hospital, FL; Treatment and Research Institute for Autism Spectrum Disorders (Z.W.), Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Nashville, TN; Autism Institute, College of Medicine (A.W.), Florida State University, Tallahassee; and Division of Neurology (M.W.), Rainbow Babies & Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH.
Anshu BatraFrom the Pediatrics and Developmental Neuroscience Branch (A.W.B., T.G., R.K., A.T.), National Institute of Mental Health, NIH, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurological Sciences (D.H.), University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.O.), McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Canada; Department of Neurology (M.J.A.), University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville; Developmental Pediatrics (A.B.), Our Special Kids Pediatric Care, Los Angeles, CA; Division of Developmental Medicine (C.B.) and Center for Pediatric Sleep Disorders (J.O.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Departments of Pediatrics and Psychiatry (D.C.), The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus; Duke Center for Autism and Brain Development (G.D., L.S.), Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC; Northern Michigan Neurology (D.D.), Traverse City; Department of Child and Behavioral Sciences (R.L.F.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (D.G.), Charleston Area Medical Center, WV; Department of Neurology (G.G.), Kansas University Medical Center, Kansas City; American Academy of Neurology (S.M.), Minneapolis, MN; Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (D.M., S.A.), Loma Linda University School of Medicine, CA; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.P.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science and MIND Institute (A.S.), University of California, Davis; Division of Neurology (R.T.), Nicklaus Children's Hospital and Miami Children's Hospital, FL; Treatment and Research Institute for Autism Spectrum Disorders (Z.W.), Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Nashville, TN; Autism Institute, College of Medicine (A.W.), Florida State University, Tallahassee; and Division of Neurology (M.W.), Rainbow Babies & Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH.
Carolyn BridgemohanFrom the Pediatrics and Developmental Neuroscience Branch (A.W.B., T.G., R.K., A.T.), National Institute of Mental Health, NIH, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurological Sciences (D.H.), University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.O.), McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Canada; Department of Neurology (M.J.A.), University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville; Developmental Pediatrics (A.B.), Our Special Kids Pediatric Care, Los Angeles, CA; Division of Developmental Medicine (C.B.) and Center for Pediatric Sleep Disorders (J.O.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Departments of Pediatrics and Psychiatry (D.C.), The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus; Duke Center for Autism and Brain Development (G.D., L.S.), Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC; Northern Michigan Neurology (D.D.), Traverse City; Department of Child and Behavioral Sciences (R.L.F.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (D.G.), Charleston Area Medical Center, WV; Department of Neurology (G.G.), Kansas University Medical Center, Kansas City; American Academy of Neurology (S.M.), Minneapolis, MN; Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (D.M., S.A.), Loma Linda University School of Medicine, CA; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.P.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science and MIND Institute (A.S.), University of California, Davis; Division of Neurology (R.T.), Nicklaus Children's Hospital and Miami Children's Hospital, FL; Treatment and Research Institute for Autism Spectrum Disorders (Z.W.), Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Nashville, TN; Autism Institute, College of Medicine (A.W.), Florida State University, Tallahassee; and Division of Neurology (M.W.), Rainbow Babies & Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH.
Daniel CouryFrom the Pediatrics and Developmental Neuroscience Branch (A.W.B., T.G., R.K., A.T.), National Institute of Mental Health, NIH, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurological Sciences (D.H.), University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.O.), McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Canada; Department of Neurology (M.J.A.), University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville; Developmental Pediatrics (A.B.), Our Special Kids Pediatric Care, Los Angeles, CA; Division of Developmental Medicine (C.B.) and Center for Pediatric Sleep Disorders (J.O.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Departments of Pediatrics and Psychiatry (D.C.), The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus; Duke Center for Autism and Brain Development (G.D., L.S.), Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC; Northern Michigan Neurology (D.D.), Traverse City; Department of Child and Behavioral Sciences (R.L.F.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (D.G.), Charleston Area Medical Center, WV; Department of Neurology (G.G.), Kansas University Medical Center, Kansas City; American Academy of Neurology (S.M.), Minneapolis, MN; Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (D.M., S.A.), Loma Linda University School of Medicine, CA; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.P.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science and MIND Institute (A.S.), University of California, Davis; Division of Neurology (R.T.), Nicklaus Children's Hospital and Miami Children's Hospital, FL; Treatment and Research Institute for Autism Spectrum Disorders (Z.W.), Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Nashville, TN; Autism Institute, College of Medicine (A.W.), Florida State University, Tallahassee; and Division of Neurology (M.W.), Rainbow Babies & Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH.
Geraldine DawsonFrom the Pediatrics and Developmental Neuroscience Branch (A.W.B., T.G., R.K., A.T.), National Institute of Mental Health, NIH, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurological Sciences (D.H.), University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.O.), McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Canada; Department of Neurology (M.J.A.), University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville; Developmental Pediatrics (A.B.), Our Special Kids Pediatric Care, Los Angeles, CA; Division of Developmental Medicine (C.B.) and Center for Pediatric Sleep Disorders (J.O.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Departments of Pediatrics and Psychiatry (D.C.), The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus; Duke Center for Autism and Brain Development (G.D., L.S.), Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC; Northern Michigan Neurology (D.D.), Traverse City; Department of Child and Behavioral Sciences (R.L.F.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (D.G.), Charleston Area Medical Center, WV; Department of Neurology (G.G.), Kansas University Medical Center, Kansas City; American Academy of Neurology (S.M.), Minneapolis, MN; Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (D.M., S.A.), Loma Linda University School of Medicine, CA; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.P.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science and MIND Institute (A.S.), University of California, Davis; Division of Neurology (R.T.), Nicklaus Children's Hospital and Miami Children's Hospital, FL; Treatment and Research Institute for Autism Spectrum Disorders (Z.W.), Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Nashville, TN; Autism Institute, College of Medicine (A.W.), Florida State University, Tallahassee; and Division of Neurology (M.W.), Rainbow Babies & Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH.
Diane DonleyFrom the Pediatrics and Developmental Neuroscience Branch (A.W.B., T.G., R.K., A.T.), National Institute of Mental Health, NIH, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurological Sciences (D.H.), University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.O.), McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Canada; Department of Neurology (M.J.A.), University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville; Developmental Pediatrics (A.B.), Our Special Kids Pediatric Care, Los Angeles, CA; Division of Developmental Medicine (C.B.) and Center for Pediatric Sleep Disorders (J.O.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Departments of Pediatrics and Psychiatry (D.C.), The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus; Duke Center for Autism and Brain Development (G.D., L.S.), Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC; Northern Michigan Neurology (D.D.), Traverse City; Department of Child and Behavioral Sciences (R.L.F.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (D.G.), Charleston Area Medical Center, WV; Department of Neurology (G.G.), Kansas University Medical Center, Kansas City; American Academy of Neurology (S.M.), Minneapolis, MN; Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (D.M., S.A.), Loma Linda University School of Medicine, CA; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.P.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science and MIND Institute (A.S.), University of California, Davis; Division of Neurology (R.T.), Nicklaus Children's Hospital and Miami Children's Hospital, FL; Treatment and Research Institute for Autism Spectrum Disorders (Z.W.), Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Nashville, TN; Autism Institute, College of Medicine (A.W.), Florida State University, Tallahassee; and Division of Neurology (M.W.), Rainbow Babies & Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH.
Robert L FindlingFrom the Pediatrics and Developmental Neuroscience Branch (A.W.B., T.G., R.K., A.T.), National Institute of Mental Health, NIH, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurological Sciences (D.H.), University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.O.), McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Canada; Department of Neurology (M.J.A.), University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville; Developmental Pediatrics (A.B.), Our Special Kids Pediatric Care, Los Angeles, CA; Division of Developmental Medicine (C.B.) and Center for Pediatric Sleep Disorders (J.O.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Departments of Pediatrics and Psychiatry (D.C.), The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus; Duke Center for Autism and Brain Development (G.D., L.S.), Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC; Northern Michigan Neurology (D.D.), Traverse City; Department of Child and Behavioral Sciences (R.L.F.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (D.G.), Charleston Area Medical Center, WV; Department of Neurology (G.G.), Kansas University Medical Center, Kansas City; American Academy of Neurology (S.M.), Minneapolis, MN; Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (D.M., S.A.), Loma Linda University School of Medicine, CA; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.P.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science and MIND Institute (A.S.), University of California, Davis; Division of Neurology (R.T.), Nicklaus Children's Hospital and Miami Children's Hospital, FL; Treatment and Research Institute for Autism Spectrum Disorders (Z.W.), Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Nashville, TN; Autism Institute, College of Medicine (A.W.), Florida State University, Tallahassee; and Division of Neurology (M.W.), Rainbow Babies & Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH.
Thomas GaughanFrom the Pediatrics and Developmental Neuroscience Branch (A.W.B., T.G., R.K., A.T.), National Institute of Mental Health, NIH, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurological Sciences (D.H.), University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.O.), McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Canada; Department of Neurology (M.J.A.), University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville; Developmental Pediatrics (A.B.), Our Special Kids Pediatric Care, Los Angeles, CA; Division of Developmental Medicine (C.B.) and Center for Pediatric Sleep Disorders (J.O.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Departments of Pediatrics and Psychiatry (D.C.), The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus; Duke Center for Autism and Brain Development (G.D., L.S.), Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC; Northern Michigan Neurology (D.D.), Traverse City; Department of Child and Behavioral Sciences (R.L.F.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (D.G.), Charleston Area Medical Center, WV; Department of Neurology (G.G.), Kansas University Medical Center, Kansas City; American Academy of Neurology (S.M.), Minneapolis, MN; Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (D.M., S.A.), Loma Linda University School of Medicine, CA; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.P.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science and MIND Institute (A.S.), University of California, Davis; Division of Neurology (R.T.), Nicklaus Children's Hospital and Miami Children's Hospital, FL; Treatment and Research Institute for Autism Spectrum Disorders (Z.W.), Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Nashville, TN; Autism Institute, College of Medicine (A.W.), Florida State University, Tallahassee; and Division of Neurology (M.W.), Rainbow Babies & Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH.
David GlossFrom the Pediatrics and Developmental Neuroscience Branch (A.W.B., T.G., R.K., A.T.), National Institute of Mental Health, NIH, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurological Sciences (D.H.), University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.O.), McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Canada; Department of Neurology (M.J.A.), University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville; Developmental Pediatrics (A.B.), Our Special Kids Pediatric Care, Los Angeles, CA; Division of Developmental Medicine (C.B.) and Center for Pediatric Sleep Disorders (J.O.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Departments of Pediatrics and Psychiatry (D.C.), The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus; Duke Center for Autism and Brain Development (G.D., L.S.), Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC; Northern Michigan Neurology (D.D.), Traverse City; Department of Child and Behavioral Sciences (R.L.F.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (D.G.), Charleston Area Medical Center, WV; Department of Neurology (G.G.), Kansas University Medical Center, Kansas City; American Academy of Neurology (S.M.), Minneapolis, MN; Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (D.M., S.A.), Loma Linda University School of Medicine, CA; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.P.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science and MIND Institute (A.S.), University of California, Davis; Division of Neurology (R.T.), Nicklaus Children's Hospital and Miami Children's Hospital, FL; Treatment and Research Institute for Autism Spectrum Disorders (Z.W.), Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Nashville, TN; Autism Institute, College of Medicine (A.W.), Florida State University, Tallahassee; and Division of Neurology (M.W.), Rainbow Babies & Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH.
Gary GronsethFrom the Pediatrics and Developmental Neuroscience Branch (A.W.B., T.G., R.K., A.T.), National Institute of Mental Health, NIH, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurological Sciences (D.H.), University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.O.), McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Canada; Department of Neurology (M.J.A.), University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville; Developmental Pediatrics (A.B.), Our Special Kids Pediatric Care, Los Angeles, CA; Division of Developmental Medicine (C.B.) and Center for Pediatric Sleep Disorders (J.O.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Departments of Pediatrics and Psychiatry (D.C.), The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus; Duke Center for Autism and Brain Development (G.D., L.S.), Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC; Northern Michigan Neurology (D.D.), Traverse City; Department of Child and Behavioral Sciences (R.L.F.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (D.G.), Charleston Area Medical Center, WV; Department of Neurology (G.G.), Kansas University Medical Center, Kansas City; American Academy of Neurology (S.M.), Minneapolis, MN; Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (D.M., S.A.), Loma Linda University School of Medicine, CA; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.P.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science and MIND Institute (A.S.), University of California, Davis; Division of Neurology (R.T.), Nicklaus Children's Hospital and Miami Children's Hospital, FL; Treatment and Research Institute for Autism Spectrum Disorders (Z.W.), Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Nashville, TN; Autism Institute, College of Medicine (A.W.), Florida State University, Tallahassee; and Division of Neurology (M.W.), Rainbow Babies & Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH.
Riley KesslerFrom the Pediatrics and Developmental Neuroscience Branch (A.W.B., T.G., R.K., A.T.), National Institute of Mental Health, NIH, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurological Sciences (D.H.), University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.O.), McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Canada; Department of Neurology (M.J.A.), University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville; Developmental Pediatrics (A.B.), Our Special Kids Pediatric Care, Los Angeles, CA; Division of Developmental Medicine (C.B.) and Center for Pediatric Sleep Disorders (J.O.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Departments of Pediatrics and Psychiatry (D.C.), The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus; Duke Center for Autism and Brain Development (G.D., L.S.), Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC; Northern Michigan Neurology (D.D.), Traverse City; Department of Child and Behavioral Sciences (R.L.F.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (D.G.), Charleston Area Medical Center, WV; Department of Neurology (G.G.), Kansas University Medical Center, Kansas City; American Academy of Neurology (S.M.), Minneapolis, MN; Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (D.M., S.A.), Loma Linda University School of Medicine, CA; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.P.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science and MIND Institute (A.S.), University of California, Davis; Division of Neurology (R.T.), Nicklaus Children's Hospital and Miami Children's Hospital, FL; Treatment and Research Institute for Autism Spectrum Disorders (Z.W.), Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Nashville, TN; Autism Institute, College of Medicine (A.W.), Florida State University, Tallahassee; and Division of Neurology (M.W.), Rainbow Babies & Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH.
Shannon MerillatFrom the Pediatrics and Developmental Neuroscience Branch (A.W.B., T.G., R.K., A.T.), National Institute of Mental Health, NIH, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurological Sciences (D.H.), University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.O.), McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Canada; Department of Neurology (M.J.A.), University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville; Developmental Pediatrics (A.B.), Our Special Kids Pediatric Care, Los Angeles, CA; Division of Developmental Medicine (C.B.) and Center for Pediatric Sleep Disorders (J.O.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Departments of Pediatrics and Psychiatry (D.C.), The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus; Duke Center for Autism and Brain Development (G.D., L.S.), Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC; Northern Michigan Neurology (D.D.), Traverse City; Department of Child and Behavioral Sciences (R.L.F.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (D.G.), Charleston Area Medical Center, WV; Department of Neurology (G.G.), Kansas University Medical Center, Kansas City; American Academy of Neurology (S.M.), Minneapolis, MN; Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (D.M., S.A.), Loma Linda University School of Medicine, CA; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.P.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science and MIND Institute (A.S.), University of California, Davis; Division of Neurology (R.T.), Nicklaus Children's Hospital and Miami Children's Hospital, FL; Treatment and Research Institute for Autism Spectrum Disorders (Z.W.), Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Nashville, TN; Autism Institute, College of Medicine (A.W.), Florida State University, Tallahassee; and Division of Neurology (M.W.), Rainbow Babies & Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH.
David MichelsonFrom the Pediatrics and Developmental Neuroscience Branch (A.W.B., T.G., R.K., A.T.), National Institute of Mental Health, NIH, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurological Sciences (D.H.), University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.O.), McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Canada; Department of Neurology (M.J.A.), University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville; Developmental Pediatrics (A.B.), Our Special Kids Pediatric Care, Los Angeles, CA; Division of Developmental Medicine (C.B.) and Center for Pediatric Sleep Disorders (J.O.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Departments of Pediatrics and Psychiatry (D.C.), The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus; Duke Center for Autism and Brain Development (G.D., L.S.), Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC; Northern Michigan Neurology (D.D.), Traverse City; Department of Child and Behavioral Sciences (R.L.F.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (D.G.), Charleston Area Medical Center, WV; Department of Neurology (G.G.), Kansas University Medical Center, Kansas City; American Academy of Neurology (S.M.), Minneapolis, MN; Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (D.M., S.A.), Loma Linda University School of Medicine, CA; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.P.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science and MIND Institute (A.S.), University of California, Davis; Division of Neurology (R.T.), Nicklaus Children's Hospital and Miami Children's Hospital, FL; Treatment and Research Institute for Autism Spectrum Disorders (Z.W.), Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Nashville, TN; Autism Institute, College of Medicine (A.W.), Florida State University, Tallahassee; and Division of Neurology (M.W.), Rainbow Babies & Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH.
Judith OwensFrom the Pediatrics and Developmental Neuroscience Branch (A.W.B., T.G., R.K., A.T.), National Institute of Mental Health, NIH, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurological Sciences (D.H.), University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.O.), McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Canada; Department of Neurology (M.J.A.), University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville; Developmental Pediatrics (A.B.), Our Special Kids Pediatric Care, Los Angeles, CA; Division of Developmental Medicine (C.B.) and Center for Pediatric Sleep Disorders (J.O.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Departments of Pediatrics and Psychiatry (D.C.), The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus; Duke Center for Autism and Brain Development (G.D., L.S.), Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC; Northern Michigan Neurology (D.D.), Traverse City; Department of Child and Behavioral Sciences (R.L.F.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (D.G.), Charleston Area Medical Center, WV; Department of Neurology (G.G.), Kansas University Medical Center, Kansas City; American Academy of Neurology (S.M.), Minneapolis, MN; Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (D.M., S.A.), Loma Linda University School of Medicine, CA; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.P.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science and MIND Institute (A.S.), University of California, Davis; Division of Neurology (R.T.), Nicklaus Children's Hospital and Miami Children's Hospital, FL; Treatment and Research Institute for Autism Spectrum Disorders (Z.W.), Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Nashville, TN; Autism Institute, College of Medicine (A.W.), Florida State University, Tallahassee; and Division of Neurology (M.W.), Rainbow Babies & Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH.
Tamara PringsheimFrom the Pediatrics and Developmental Neuroscience Branch (A.W.B., T.G., R.K., A.T.), National Institute of Mental Health, NIH, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurological Sciences (D.H.), University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.O.), McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Canada; Department of Neurology (M.J.A.), University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville; Developmental Pediatrics (A.B.), Our Special Kids Pediatric Care, Los Angeles, CA; Division of Developmental Medicine (C.B.) and Center for Pediatric Sleep Disorders (J.O.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Departments of Pediatrics and Psychiatry (D.C.), The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus; Duke Center for Autism and Brain Development (G.D., L.S.), Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC; Northern Michigan Neurology (D.D.), Traverse City; Department of Child and Behavioral Sciences (R.L.F.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (D.G.), Charleston Area Medical Center, WV; Department of Neurology (G.G.), Kansas University Medical Center, Kansas City; American Academy of Neurology (S.M.), Minneapolis, MN; Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (D.M., S.A.), Loma Linda University School of Medicine, CA; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.P.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science and MIND Institute (A.S.), University of California, Davis; Division of Neurology (R.T.), Nicklaus Children's Hospital and Miami Children's Hospital, FL; Treatment and Research Institute for Autism Spectrum Disorders (Z.W.), Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Nashville, TN; Autism Institute, College of Medicine (A.W.), Florida State University, Tallahassee; and Division of Neurology (M.W.), Rainbow Babies & Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH.
Linmarie SikichFrom the Pediatrics and Developmental Neuroscience Branch (A.W.B., T.G., R.K., A.T.), National Institute of Mental Health, NIH, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurological Sciences (D.H.), University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.O.), McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Canada; Department of Neurology (M.J.A.), University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville; Developmental Pediatrics (A.B.), Our Special Kids Pediatric Care, Los Angeles, CA; Division of Developmental Medicine (C.B.) and Center for Pediatric Sleep Disorders (J.O.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Departments of Pediatrics and Psychiatry (D.C.), The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus; Duke Center for Autism and Brain Development (G.D., L.S.), Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC; Northern Michigan Neurology (D.D.), Traverse City; Department of Child and Behavioral Sciences (R.L.F.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (D.G.), Charleston Area Medical Center, WV; Department of Neurology (G.G.), Kansas University Medical Center, Kansas City; American Academy of Neurology (S.M.), Minneapolis, MN; Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (D.M., S.A.), Loma Linda University School of Medicine, CA; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.P.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science and MIND Institute (A.S.), University of California, Davis; Division of Neurology (R.T.), Nicklaus Children's Hospital and Miami Children's Hospital, FL; Treatment and Research Institute for Autism Spectrum Disorders (Z.W.), Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Nashville, TN; Autism Institute, College of Medicine (A.W.), Florida State University, Tallahassee; and Division of Neurology (M.W.), Rainbow Babies & Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH.
Aubyn StahmerFrom the Pediatrics and Developmental Neuroscience Branch (A.W.B., T.G., R.K., A.T.), National Institute of Mental Health, NIH, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurological Sciences (D.H.), University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.O.), McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Canada; Department of Neurology (M.J.A.), University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville; Developmental Pediatrics (A.B.), Our Special Kids Pediatric Care, Los Angeles, CA; Division of Developmental Medicine (C.B.) and Center for Pediatric Sleep Disorders (J.O.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Departments of Pediatrics and Psychiatry (D.C.), The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus; Duke Center for Autism and Brain Development (G.D., L.S.), Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC; Northern Michigan Neurology (D.D.), Traverse City; Department of Child and Behavioral Sciences (R.L.F.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (D.G.), Charleston Area Medical Center, WV; Department of Neurology (G.G.), Kansas University Medical Center, Kansas City; American Academy of Neurology (S.M.), Minneapolis, MN; Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (D.M., S.A.), Loma Linda University School of Medicine, CA; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.P.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science and MIND Institute (A.S.), University of California, Davis; Division of Neurology (R.T.), Nicklaus Children's Hospital and Miami Children's Hospital, FL; Treatment and Research Institute for Autism Spectrum Disorders (Z.W.), Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Nashville, TN; Autism Institute, College of Medicine (A.W.), Florida State University, Tallahassee; and Division of Neurology (M.W.), Rainbow Babies & Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH.
Audrey ThurmFrom the Pediatrics and Developmental Neuroscience Branch (A.W.B., T.G., R.K., A.T.), National Institute of Mental Health, NIH, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurological Sciences (D.H.), University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.O.), McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Canada; Department of Neurology (M.J.A.), University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville; Developmental Pediatrics (A.B.), Our Special Kids Pediatric Care, Los Angeles, CA; Division of Developmental Medicine (C.B.) and Center for Pediatric Sleep Disorders (J.O.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Departments of Pediatrics and Psychiatry (D.C.), The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus; Duke Center for Autism and Brain Development (G.D., L.S.), Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC; Northern Michigan Neurology (D.D.), Traverse City; Department of Child and Behavioral Sciences (R.L.F.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (D.G.), Charleston Area Medical Center, WV; Department of Neurology (G.G.), Kansas University Medical Center, Kansas City; American Academy of Neurology (S.M.), Minneapolis, MN; Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (D.M., S.A.), Loma Linda University School of Medicine, CA; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.P.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science and MIND Institute (A.S.), University of California, Davis; Division of Neurology (R.T.), Nicklaus Children's Hospital and Miami Children's Hospital, FL; Treatment and Research Institute for Autism Spectrum Disorders (Z.W.), Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Nashville, TN; Autism Institute, College of Medicine (A.W.), Florida State University, Tallahassee; and Division of Neurology (M.W.), Rainbow Babies & Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH.
Roberto TuchmanFrom the Pediatrics and Developmental Neuroscience Branch (A.W.B., T.G., R.K., A.T.), National Institute of Mental Health, NIH, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurological Sciences (D.H.), University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.O.), McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Canada; Department of Neurology (M.J.A.), University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville; Developmental Pediatrics (A.B.), Our Special Kids Pediatric Care, Los Angeles, CA; Division of Developmental Medicine (C.B.) and Center for Pediatric Sleep Disorders (J.O.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Departments of Pediatrics and Psychiatry (D.C.), The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus; Duke Center for Autism and Brain Development (G.D., L.S.), Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC; Northern Michigan Neurology (D.D.), Traverse City; Department of Child and Behavioral Sciences (R.L.F.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (D.G.), Charleston Area Medical Center, WV; Department of Neurology (G.G.), Kansas University Medical Center, Kansas City; American Academy of Neurology (S.M.), Minneapolis, MN; Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (D.M., S.A.), Loma Linda University School of Medicine, CA; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.P.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science and MIND Institute (A.S.), University of California, Davis; Division of Neurology (R.T.), Nicklaus Children's Hospital and Miami Children's Hospital, FL; Treatment and Research Institute for Autism Spectrum Disorders (Z.W.), Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Nashville, TN; Autism Institute, College of Medicine (A.W.), Florida State University, Tallahassee; and Division of Neurology (M.W.), Rainbow Babies & Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH.
Zachary WarrenFrom the Pediatrics and Developmental Neuroscience Branch (A.W.B., T.G., R.K., A.T.), National Institute of Mental Health, NIH, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurological Sciences (D.H.), University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.O.), McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Canada; Department of Neurology (M.J.A.), University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville; Developmental Pediatrics (A.B.), Our Special Kids Pediatric Care, Los Angeles, CA; Division of Developmental Medicine (C.B.) and Center for Pediatric Sleep Disorders (J.O.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Departments of Pediatrics and Psychiatry (D.C.), The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus; Duke Center for Autism and Brain Development (G.D., L.S.), Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC; Northern Michigan Neurology (D.D.), Traverse City; Department of Child and Behavioral Sciences (R.L.F.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (D.G.), Charleston Area Medical Center, WV; Department of Neurology (G.G.), Kansas University Medical Center, Kansas City; American Academy of Neurology (S.M.), Minneapolis, MN; Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (D.M., S.A.), Loma Linda University School of Medicine, CA; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.P.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science and MIND Institute (A.S.), University of California, Davis; Division of Neurology (R.T.), Nicklaus Children's Hospital and Miami Children's Hospital, FL; Treatment and Research Institute for Autism Spectrum Disorders (Z.W.), Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Nashville, TN; Autism Institute, College of Medicine (A.W.), Florida State University, Tallahassee; and Division of Neurology (M.W.), Rainbow Babies & Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH.
Amy WetherbyFrom the Pediatrics and Developmental Neuroscience Branch (A.W.B., T.G., R.K., A.T.), National Institute of Mental Health, NIH, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurological Sciences (D.H.), University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.O.), McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Canada; Department of Neurology (M.J.A.), University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville; Developmental Pediatrics (A.B.), Our Special Kids Pediatric Care, Los Angeles, CA; Division of Developmental Medicine (C.B.) and Center for Pediatric Sleep Disorders (J.O.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Departments of Pediatrics and Psychiatry (D.C.), The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus; Duke Center for Autism and Brain Development (G.D., L.S.), Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC; Northern Michigan Neurology (D.D.), Traverse City; Department of Child and Behavioral Sciences (R.L.F.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (D.G.), Charleston Area Medical Center, WV; Department of Neurology (G.G.), Kansas University Medical Center, Kansas City; American Academy of Neurology (S.M.), Minneapolis, MN; Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (D.M., S.A.), Loma Linda University School of Medicine, CA; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.P.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science and MIND Institute (A.S.), University of California, Davis; Division of Neurology (R.T.), Nicklaus Children's Hospital and Miami Children's Hospital, FL; Treatment and Research Institute for Autism Spectrum Disorders (Z.W.), Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Nashville, TN; Autism Institute, College of Medicine (A.W.), Florida State University, Tallahassee; and Division of Neurology (M.W.), Rainbow Babies & Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH.
Max WiznitzerFrom the Pediatrics and Developmental Neuroscience Branch (A.W.B., T.G., R.K., A.T.), National Institute of Mental Health, NIH, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurological Sciences (D.H.), University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.O.), McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Canada; Department of Neurology (M.J.A.), University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville; Developmental Pediatrics (A.B.), Our Special Kids Pediatric Care, Los Angeles, CA; Division of Developmental Medicine (C.B.) and Center for Pediatric Sleep Disorders (J.O.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Departments of Pediatrics and Psychiatry (D.C.), The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus; Duke Center for Autism and Brain Development (G.D., L.S.), Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC; Northern Michigan Neurology (D.D.), Traverse City; Department of Child and Behavioral Sciences (R.L.F.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (D.G.), Charleston Area Medical Center, WV; Department of Neurology (G.G.), Kansas University Medical Center, Kansas City; American Academy of Neurology (S.M.), Minneapolis, MN; Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (D.M., S.A.), Loma Linda University School of Medicine, CA; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.P.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science and MIND Institute (A.S.), University of California, Davis; Division of Neurology (R.T.), Nicklaus Children's Hospital and Miami Children's Hospital, FL; Treatment and Research Institute for Autism Spectrum Disorders (Z.W.), Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Nashville, TN; Autism Institute, College of Medicine (A.W.), Florida State University, Tallahassee; and Division of Neurology (M.W.), Rainbow Babies & Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH.
Stephen AshwalFrom the Pediatrics and Developmental Neuroscience Branch (A.W.B., T.G., R.K., A.T.), National Institute of Mental Health, NIH, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurological Sciences (D.H.), University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington; Department of Pediatric Neurology (M.O.), McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Canada; Department of Neurology (M.J.A.), University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville; Developmental Pediatrics (A.B.), Our Special Kids Pediatric Care, Los Angeles, CA; Division of Developmental Medicine (C.B.) and Center for Pediatric Sleep Disorders (J.O.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Departments of Pediatrics and Psychiatry (D.C.), The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus; Duke Center for Autism and Brain Development (G.D., L.S.), Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC; Northern Michigan Neurology (D.D.), Traverse City; Department of Child and Behavioral Sciences (R.L.F.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (D.G.), Charleston Area Medical Center, WV; Department of Neurology (G.G.), Kansas University Medical Center, Kansas City; American Academy of Neurology (S.M.), Minneapolis, MN; Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (D.M., S.A.), Loma Linda University School of Medicine, CA; Department of Clinical Neurosciences (T.P.), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science and MIND Institute (A.S.), University of California, Davis; Division of Neurology (R.T.), Nicklaus Children's Hospital and Miami Children's Hospital, FL; Treatment and Research Institute for Autism Spectrum Disorders (Z.W.), Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Nashville, TN; Autism Institute, College of Medicine (A.W.), Florida State University, Tallahassee; and Division of Neurology (M.W.), Rainbow Babies & Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH.
McGill University Health Centre · CA

Funding

Recruitment and Assessment CoreP50HD093074 · NICHD · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI SCOTT N COMPTON · 2017 to 2026
$27.6M
Neurodevelopmental and Behavioral Phenotyping ZICMH002961 · NIMH · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH · PI THURM, AUDREY · 2017 to 2025
$12.6M
NICHD NIH HHS P50 HD093074
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo review pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic strategies for treating sleep disturbances in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and to develop recommendations for addressing sleep disturbance in this population.

methodsThe guideline panel followed the American Academy of Neurology 2011 guideline development process, as amended. The systematic review included studies through December 2017. Recommendations were based on evidence, related evidence, principles of care, and inferences. MAJOR RECOMMENDATIONS LEVEL B: For children and adolescents with ASD and sleep disturbance, clinicians should assess for medications and coexisting conditions that could contribute to the sleep disturbance and should address identified issues. Clinicians should counsel parents regarding strategies for improved sleep habits with behavioral strategies as a first-line treatment approach for sleep disturbance either alone or in combination with pharmacologic or nutraceutical approaches. Clinicians should offer melatonin if behavioral strategies have not been helpful and contributing coexisting conditions and use of concomitant medications have been addressed, starting with a low dose. Clinicians should recommend using pharmaceutical-grade melatonin if available. Clinicians should counsel children, adolescents, and parents regarding potential adverse effects of melatonin use and the lack of long-term safety data. Clinicians should counsel that there is currently no evidence to support the routine use of weighted blankets or specialized mattress technology for improving disrupted sleep. If asked about weighted blankets, clinicians should counsel that the trial reported no serious adverse events with blanket use and that blankets could be a reasonable nonpharmacologic approach for some individuals.

Indexed as

Autism Spectrum DisorderSleep Initiation and Maintenance DisordersAdolescentChildHumans

Identifiers

PMID32051244
PMCPMC7238942
OpenAlexW3006087000

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.