ArticleBMC infectious diseases2020
Diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis using the MPT64 antigen detection test in a high-income low tuberculosis prevalence setting.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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16 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Low-complexity automated nucleic acid amplification tests for extrapulmonary tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance in adults and adolescents.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025Pooled it
- MPT64 assays for the rapid detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.BMC infectious diseases · 2021Pooled it
- Detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigens in urinary extracellular vesicles using real-time immuno-PCR: A non-invasive diagnostic approach for pulmonary tuberculosis.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Article
- Advancing Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis Diagnosis: Potential of MPT64 Immunochemistry-Based Antigen Detection Test in a High-TB, Low-HIV Endemic Setting.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Extrapulmonary Comparisons BetweenInfection and drug resistance · 2025Review
- Article
- Immunohistochemistry and real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction: importance in the diagnosis of intestinal tuberculosis in a Peruvian population.BMC gastroenterology · 2024Observational
- Diagnosis of Paediatric Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis by the MPT64 Antigen at a Tertiary Care Hospital.Cureus · 2024Article
- Comparing the cost-effectiveness of the MPT64-antigen detection test to Xpert MTB/RIF and ZN-microscopy for the diagnosis of Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis: An economic evaluation modelling study.PLOS global public health · 2024Article
- Care-seeking pathways and diagnostic delays in extrapulmonary TB patients.Public health action · 2023Article
- A Peptidomic Approach to Identify Novel Antigen Biomarkers for the Diagnosis of Tuberculosis.Infection and drug resistance · 2022Article
- Article
- Immunochemistry-Based Diagnosis of Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis: A Strategy for Large-Scale Production of MPT64-Antibodies for Use in the MPT64 Antigen Detection Test.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Xpert MTB/RIF ultra for rapid diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis in a high-income low-tuberculosis prevalence setting.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Evaluation of Immunohistochemistry Technique for Diagnosis of Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis in Biopsy Tissue Specimen as Compared to Composite Diagnostic Criteria.Journal of global infectious diseasesArticle
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundExtrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) poses diagnostic challenges due to the paucibacillary nature of the disease. The immunochemistry-based MPT64 antigen detection test (MPT64 test) has shown promising results for diagnosing EPTB in previous studies performed in low-resource settings, with higher sensitivity than microscopy and culture. The aim of this study was to investigate the performance of the MPT64 test in a routine clinical setting in a high-income low TB prevalence country.
methodsExtrapulmonary samples sent for TB diagnostics to microbiology and pathology laboratories at three regional tertiary care hospitals in Norway in a one-year period were included and subjected to the MPT64 test in parallel to the routine TB diagnostic tests.
resultsSamples from 288 patients were included and categorised as confirmed TB cases (n = 26), clinically diagnosed TB cases (n = 5), non-TB cases (n = 243) and uncategorised (n = 14), using a composite reference standard (CRS). In formalin-fixed biopsies, the sensitivity (95% CI) of the MPT64 test, microscopy, PCR-based tests pooled, and culture was 37% (16-62), 20% (4-48), 37% (16-62) and 50% (23-77), respectively, against the CRS. The MPT64 test showed a good positive predictive value (88%) and an excellent specificity (99, 95% CI 92-100) in formalin-fixed biopsies. In fine-needle aspirates, pus and fluid samples, the test performance was lower.
conclusionsThe MPT64 test was implementable in pathology laboratories as part of routine diagnostics, and although the sensitivity of the MPT64 test was not better than culture in this setting, the test supplements other rapid diagnostic methods, including microscopy and PCR-based tests, and can contribute to strengthen the diagnosis of EPTB in formalin-fixed biopsies in the absence of culture confirmation.
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