ReviewCancers2020
Multiple Myeloma: Available Therapies and Causes of Drug Resistance.
Review in Cancers, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 141 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
141 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 222 citations in OpenAlex.
- Outcomes in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma with extramedullary disease: a meta-analysis.Annals of hematology · 2025Pooled it
- Prognostic and clinicopathological value of the controlling nutritional status score in patients with multiple myeloma: a meta-analysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Pooled it
- A Phase 1/2 study of teclistamab, a humanized BCMA × CD3 bispecific Ab in Japanese patients with relapsed/refractory MM.International journal of hematology · 2025Trial
- Melflufen and Dexamethasone in Heavily Pretreated Relapsed and Refractory Multiple Myeloma.Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2021Trial
- An enhanced genetic model of relapsed IGH-translocated multiple myeloma evolutionary dynamics.Blood cancer journal · 2020Trial
- Soluble B-cell maturation antigen as a biomarker of progression and treatment response in patients with myeloma precursors.Blood neoplasia · 2026Article
- Patient-Specific Determinants of Response to BCMA- and GPRC5D-Targeted CAR T-Cell Therapy in Multiple Myeloma: A QSP Analysis of Clinical Trial and Real-World Data.Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2026Article
- Anti-BCMA CAR-NK Cells Reveal Enhanced Cytolytic and Secretory Responses Against Myeloma Cells.APMIS : acta pathologica, microbiologica, et immunologica Scandinavica · 2026Article
- Drug Resistance in Multiple Myeloma: Tumor-Intrinsic Mechanisms and the Bone Marrow Microenvironment.Cell biochemistry and function · 2026Review
- Pomalidomide significantly enhances the antitumor immune efficacy of dendritic cell-derived exosomes from multiple myeloma patients.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- Real-world outcomes of patients with multiple myeloma who reach third-line therapy: a Canadian report.Blood neoplasia · 2026Article
- Real-world treatment patterns and outcomes of patients with multiple myeloma initiating elranatamab: results from the ALTITUDE-1 and ALTITUDE-2 retrospective cohort studies.Future oncology (London, England) · 2026Observational
- ATF3/SLC31A1-Mediated Cuproptosis Contributes to Bortezomib-Induced Peripheral Neurotoxicity and Intervention by (-)-Epigallocatechin Gallate.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Dynamic cytogenetic evolution in multiple myeloma: prognostic implications from diagnosis to first relapse.The oncologist · 2026Article
- Genomic profiling enables personalized strategies to overcome drug resistance in multiple myeloma.Discover oncology · 2026Review
- DKC1: a robust prognostic factor and potential therapeutic target in multiple myeloma.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- Exercise-mobilized lymphocytes enhance antibody-based immunotherapy in multiple myeloma through CD16Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- Next-Generation Biomarkers in Multiple Myeloma: Advancing Diagnosis, Risk Stratification, and Precision Therapy Beyond Current Guidelines.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Long non-coding RNAs and therapeutic resistance in multiple myeloma: from molecular insights to clinical applications.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2026Review
- Concordant Shared Transcriptomic Signatures and Candidate Regulatory Features in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia and Multiple Myeloma.Oncology research · 2026Article
81 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is the second most common blood cancer. Treatments for MM include corticosteroids, alkylating agents, anthracyclines, proteasome inhibitors, immunomodulatory drugs, histone deacetylase inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies. Survival outcomes have improved substantially due to the introduction of many of these drugs allied with their rational use. Nonetheless, MM patients successively relapse after one or more treatment regimens or become refractory, mostly due to drug resistance. This review focuses on the main drugs used in MM treatment and on causes of drug resistance, including cytogenetic, genetic and epigenetic alterations, abnormal drug transport and metabolism, dysregulation of apoptosis, autophagy activation and other intracellular signaling pathways, the presence of cancer stem cells, and the tumor microenvironment. Furthermore, we highlight the areas that need to be further clarified in an attempt to identify novel therapeutic targets to counteract drug resistance in MM patients.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.