ArticlePloS one2020
Long-term mortality and outcome in hospital survivors of septic shock, sepsis, and severe infections: The importance of aftercare.
Article in PloS one, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 86 citations in OpenAlex.
- [S3 guideline on sepsis-prevention, diagnosis, therapy, and follow-up care-update 2025].Medizinische Klinik, Intensivmedizin und Notfallmedizin · 2025Guideline
- Effectiveness of targeted post-acute interventions and follow-up services for sepsis survivors: a systematic review.Critical care (London, England) · 2025Pooled it
- Association between sepsis survivorship and long-term cardiovascular outcomes in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Intensive care medicine · 2021Pooled it
- A systematic review assessing the under-representation of elderly adults in COVID-19 trials.BMC geriatrics · 2020Pooled it
- Cost-effectiveness of a short-course antibiotic treatment strategy for the treatment of ventilator-associated pneumonia: an economic analysis of the REGARD-VAP trial.The Lancet. Global health · 2024Trial
- Impact of Automated Blood Culture Systems on the Management of Bloodstream Infections: Results from a Crossover Diagnostic Clinical Trial.Microbiology spectrum · 2022Trial
- Cognitive Health and Quality of Life After Surviving Sepsis: A Narrative Review.Journal of intensive care medicine · 2026Review
- Long-term survival in patients discharged alive from hospital following an intensive care unit admission with sepsis or septic shock in Australia and New Zealand: an observational cohort study.The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific · 2026Article
- Trajectories of sepsis survivors in Australia: A scoping review.Journal of the Intensive Care Society · 2026Article
- The evolution of sepsis care: from protocol-driven management to personalized intensive care.Infection · 2026Review
- Renal dysfunction as a marker of adverse outcomes in early sepsis in the emergency department.Clinical and experimental emergency medicine · 2026Article
- The impact of community-acquired critical sepsis on long-term mortality and morbidity-a nationwide cohort study.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Postoperative Septic Shock After Esophagectomy for Esophageal Cancer: Risk Factors and Impact on Short- and Long-Term Survival.Journal of personalized medicine · 2026Article
- Acyl-CoA-binding protein (ACBP): a poor-prognosis biomarker in sepsis and a target for disease mitigation.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Article
- The immunology of sepsis: translating new insights into clinical practice.Nature reviews. Nephrology · 2026Review
- Advanced lung cancer inflammation index and all-cause mortality in critically ill patients with sepsis: analysis of the MIMIC-IV database.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Observational
- Long-term cardiovascular outcomes and risk factors in adult sepsis survivors: a systematic review and meta-analysis.World journal of emergency medicine · 2025Review
- Decoding Sepsis: A 16-Year Retrospective Analysis of Activation Patterns, Mortality Predictors, and Outcomes from a Hospital-Wide Sepsis Protocol.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Health-related quality of life and functional recovery after intensive care for sepsis in a national cohort.Intensive care medicine · 2025Observational
- Long-term outcomes of community-based intensive care treatment following neurological early rehabilitation- results of a multicentric German study.Neurological research and practice · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Patients with severe infections and especially sepsis have a high in-hospital mortality, but even hospital survivors face long-term sequelae, decreased health-related quality of life, and high risk of death, suggesting a great need for specialized aftercare. However, data regarding a potential benefit of post-discharge rehabilitation in these patients are scarce. In this retrospective matched cohort study the claim data of a large German statutory health care insurer was analyzed. 83,974 hospital survivors having suffered from septic shock, sepsis, and severe infections within the years 2009-2016 were identified using an ICD abstraction strategy closely matched to the current Sepsis-3 definition. Cases were analyzed and compared with their matched pairs to determine their 5-year mortality and the impact of post-discharge rehabilitation. Five years after hospital discharge, mortality of initial hospital survivors were still increased after septic shock (HRadj 2.03, 95%-CI 1.87 to 2.19; P<0.001), sepsis (HRadj 1.73, 95%-CI 1.71 to 1.76; P<0.001), and also in survivors of severe infections without organ dysfunction (HRadj 1.70, 95%-CI 1.65 to 1.74; P<0.001) compared to matched controls without infectious diseases. Strikingly, patients treated in rehabilitation facilities showed a significantly improved 5-year survival after suffering from sepsis or septic shock (HRadj 0.81, 95%-CI 0.77 to 0.85; P<0.001) as well as severe infections without organ dysfunction (HRadj 0.81, 95%-CI 0.73 to 0.90; P<0.001) compared to matched patients discharged to home or self-care. Long-term mortality and morbidity of hospital survivors are markedly increased after septic shock, sepsis and severe infections without organ dysfunction, but best 5-year survival was recorded in patients discharged to a rehabilitation facility in all three groups. Thus, our data suggest that specialized aftercare programs may help to improve long-term outcome in these patients and warrants more vigilance in future investigations.
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