Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32047963›Full record

Trial reportInternational orthopaedics2020

The efficacy of immersive virtual reality surgical simulator training for pedicle screw placement: a randomized double-blind controlled trial.

Baoquan Xin, Xing Huang, Wei Wan, Kai Lv, Yiwei Hu, Jing Wang, Song Li, Weiwei Zou, Jianru Xiao, Tielong Liu

Abstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in International orthopaedics, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Pedagogy in spine surgery: developing a free and open-access virtual simulator for lumbar pedicle screws placement.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2023
    Trial
  3. Is virtual reality training for lumbosacral freehand pedicle screw placement an alternative to conventional training?European journal of orthopaedic surgery & traumatology : orthopedie traumatologie · 2025
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Current status of virtual reality simulation education for orthopedic residents: the need for a change in focus.Global surgical education : journal of the Association for Surgical Education · 2023
    Review
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Baoquan XinShandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, Shandong province, China.
Xing HuangOrthopaedic Oncology Center, Department of Orthopaedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai, 200003, China.
Wei WanOrthopaedic Oncology Center, Department of Orthopaedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai, 200003, China.
Kai LvAnhui university of Chinese Medicine, 103 Meishan road, Shushan district, Anhui province, China.
Yiwei HuOrthopaedic Oncology Center, Department of Orthopaedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai, 200003, China.
Jing WangOrthopaedic Oncology Center, Department of Orthopaedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai, 200003, China.
Song LiOrthopaedic Oncology Center, Department of Orthopaedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai, 200003, China.
Weiwei ZouMedical Imaging Department, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai, 200003, China. czyyzww@163.com.
Jianru XiaoOrthopaedic Oncology Center, Department of Orthopaedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai, 200003, China. jianruxiao83@163.com.
Tielong LiuOrthopaedic Oncology Center, Department of Orthopaedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai, 200003, China. czyygzl@163.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo verify whether the pedicle screw placement (PSP) skills of young surgeons receiving immersive virtual reality surgical simulator (IVRSS) training could be improved effectively and whether the IVRSS-PSP training mode could produce a real clinical value in clinical surgery.

methodsTwenty-four young surgeons were equally randomized to a VR group and a NON-VR group. Participants in VR group received IVRSS-PSP training, and those in NON-VR group used the conventional model of observing a spinal model first and then watching a teaching video of spinal surgery for 40 minutes x five. The nailing outcome of the participants before and after training was evaluated by statistical analysis in both groups.

resultsPost-training data analysis showed that the success rate and accuracy rate of screw placement in VR group and NON-VR group were 82.9% and 69.6% vs. 74.2% and 55.4%, respectively, showing statistically significant differences between the two groups by chi-square test (P < 0.05).

conclusionThe present study demonstrated that IVRSS-PSP was helpful to improve the success rate of PSP for young surgeons, and may provide valuable reference for PSP training of young surgeons. In addition, our study also showed a promising potential of the VR technology in surgical simulation training.

Indexed as

Internship and ResidencyPedicle ScrewsSimulation TrainingVirtual RealityClinical CompetenceHumansClinical studyImmersive virtual reality surgical simulatorPedicle screw instrumentationPedicle screw placementVirtual reality

Identifiers

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.