ReviewEndocrinology2020
FGF21 and the Physiological Regulation of Macronutrient Preference.
Review in Endocrinology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 57 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
57 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 93 citations in OpenAlex.
- Close association between lifestyle and circulating FGF21 levels: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Pooled it
- A Healthy Diet Intervention Alters Food Preferences and Eating Behaviours Without Changing Appetite, Adipokines or Glucose Homoeostasis.Journal of obesity · 2026Trial
- Rapid benefits in older age from transition to whole food diet regardless of protein source or fat to carbohydrate ratio: Arandomised control trial.Aging cell · 2024Trial
- Macronutrient mixtures and interactions in health and disease.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2026Review
- Protein Decoys, Alcohol, and Energy Intake: Testing a Mechanistic-Ecological Model.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2026Review
- From diet to hypothalamic dysfunction: Neuroanatomical and hormonal integration of the microbiota-hypothalamus-adipose tissue axis.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2026Review
- Decision-Making Scores and Hunger Susceptibility: A Positive Correlation Mediated by Fasting FGF21 Independently of Body Fat.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Sex Differences in Ketogenic Diet Response Reveal Gonadal Hormone Interaction With FGF21 in Mice.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2025Article
- Identification of FGF21-inducing rare sugars that reduces sugar appetite in male BL/6 mice.Physiological reports · 2025Article
- Brain amino acid sensing for organismal amino acid homeostasis.Open biology · 2025Review
- Dietary macronutrient content and energy intake in the mouse: hedonic or homeostatic override?Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2025Article
- Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 Levels Are Associated With Perception and Neural Responses to Sweetness in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.Diabetes & metabolism journal · 2025Article
- Higher circulating FGF21, lower protein intake, and lower muscle mass: Associations with a higher risk of mortality.Journal of internal medicine · 2025Article
- Autophagy-related 7 (ATG7) regulates food intake and liver health during asparaginase exposure.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2025Article
- Article
- Fructose-Induced Metabolic Dysfunction Is Dependent on the Baseline Diet, the Length of the Dietary Exposure, and Sex of the Mice.Nutrients · 2024Article
- Distinct genetic signals at the FGF21 locus complicate studies of FGF21's role in diet regulation using human cohort data.Molecular metabolism · 2024Article
- FGF21 acts in the brain to drive macronutrient-specific changes in behavioral motivation and brain reward signaling.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Review
- Fibroblast growth factor 21: An emerging pleiotropic regulator of lipid metabolism and the metabolic network.Genes & diseases · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The ability to respond to variations in nutritional status depends on regulatory systems that monitor nutrient intake and adaptively alter metabolism and feeding behavior during nutrient restriction. There is ample evidence that the restriction of water, sodium, or energy intake triggers adaptive responses that conserve existing nutrient stores and promote the ingestion of the missing nutrient, and that these homeostatic responses are mediated, at least in part, by nutritionally regulated hormones acting within the brain. This review highlights recent research that suggests that the metabolic hormone fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) acts on the brain to homeostatically alter macronutrient preference. Circulating FGF21 levels are robustly increased by diets that are high in carbohydrate but low in protein, and exogenous FGF21 treatment reduces the consumption of sweet foods and alcohol while alternatively increasing the consumption of protein. In addition, while control mice adaptively shift macronutrient preference and increase protein intake in response to dietary protein restriction, mice that lack either FGF21 or FGF21 signaling in the brain fail to exhibit this homeostatic response. FGF21 therefore mediates a unique physiological niche, coordinating adaptive shifts in macronutrient preference that serve to maintain protein intake in the face of dietary protein restriction.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.