ArticleNeuroepidemiology2020
Physical Activity, Hormone Therapy Use, and Stroke Risk among Women in the California Teachers Study Cohort.
Article in Neuroepidemiology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trend and burden of ischemic stroke attributable to high body mass index in China from 1990 to 2021, with projection to 2044.PloS one · 2025Article
- Strategies for Maintaining Brain Health: The Role of Stroke Risk Factors Unique to Elderly Women.Stroke · 2022Review
- The Relationship between Sleep Duration and Stroke Risk: The Mediating Role of Physical Activity.Brain sciences · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPostmenopausal hormone therapy (HT) increases the risk of stroke. Here we evaluate whether leisure time physical activity (LTPA) can change stroke risk in women using HT, leveraging data from the California Teachers Study.
methodsFemale California educators without a prior history of stroke (n = 118,294) were followed from 1995 through 2015 for stroke end points. Based on statewide hospitalization data, 4,437 women had ischemic (n = 3,162; International Classification of Diseases [ICD]-9 433, 434, 436) or hemorrhagic (n = 1,275; ICD-9 430-432, excluding 432.1) stroke. LTPA and HT use were evaluated at 2 time points (baseline [1995-1996] and 10-year follow-up [2005-2006]). LTPA was assessed using American Heart Association (AHA) recommendations (>150 min/week moderate or >75 min/week strenuous physical activity). Using multivariable Cox proportional hazards models, we estimated the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs for the associations between HT use and concurrent LTPA with incident stroke.
resultsCompared to women who never used HT, stroke risk was highest among women who were current HT users and did not meet AHA recommendations for LTPA at the time of their HT use: HRbaseline 1.28 (95% CI 1.13-1.44); HR10-year follow-up 1.17 (95% CI 0.91-1.50). Based on the baseline questionnaire, current HT users who met AHA recommendations for LTPA in 1995-1996 still had elevated stroke risk in the 20-year follow-up (HR 1.22, 95% CI 1.08-1.37). However, among current HT users who met AHA recommendations for LTPA at the 2005-2006 follow-up questionnaire, stroke risk was not elevated (HR 1.01, 95% CI 0.80-1.29). Evaluation of the 2 time points in concert further demonstrated that meeting AHA recommendations for LTPA at the most recent follow-up time point was required to reduce HT-related stroke risk.
conclusionConcurrent physical activity may attenuate the short-term increase in risk of stroke risk associated with HT use.
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