Trial reportJournal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine2020
Effect of wearables on sleep in healthy individuals: a randomized crossover trial and validation study.
Trial report in Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 5 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 79 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Assessment of Sleep by WHOOP in Ambulatory Subjects
Remote Physiologic Monitoring of Resident Wellness and Burnout
Remote Physiologic Monitoring to Detect Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) Flares: A Feasibility Study
Wearable Remote Monitoring of Heart Rate and Respiratory Rate for Heart Failure
Athlete Whey Protein Sensitivity: Prevalence and Performance
Who cites it
79 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Performance of consumer wrist-worn sleep tracking devices compared to polysomnography: a meta-analysis.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Quality Evaluation of Free-living Validation Studies for the Assessment of 24-Hour Physical Behavior in Adults via Wearables: Systematic Review.JMIR mHealth and uHealth · 2022Pooled it
- 2021 ISHNE/ HRS/ EHRA/ APHRS collaborative statement on mHealth in Arrhythmia Management: Digital Medical Tools for Heart Rhythm Professionals: From the International Society for Holter and Noninvasive Electrocardiology/Heart Rhythm Society/European Heart Rhythm Association/Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society.Annals of noninvasive electrocardiology : the official journal of the International Society for Holter and Noninvasive Electrocardiology, Inc · 2021Guideline
- DELTA: Strengthening human biological resilience with an N=1 digital health and dynamic biomarker protocol.PloS one · 2026Trial
- A semi-randomised control trial assessing psychophysiological effects of breathwork and cold immersion.Scientific reports · 2025Trial
- Effects of a cannabidiol/terpene formulation on sleep in individuals with insomnia: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, crossover study.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2025Trial
- Imagery rescripting and cognitive restructuring for inpatients with moderate and severe depression - a controlled pilot study.BMC psychiatry · 2024Trial
- Association between energy availability and sleep quality in elite female and male swimmers: a brief report.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2026Article
- Sleep disturbance in patients undergoing shoulder surgery: a current concepts review.JSES reviews, reports, and techniques · 2026Review
- Managing BMI and Emotional Distress Using mHealth: Nationally Representative Survey Study.JMIR mHealth and uHealth · 2026Article
- Can consumer wearables support outpatient health monitoring for patients with post-acute infection syndromes? A systematic umbrella review of accuracy, validity, and clinical utility data.PLOS digital health · 2026Article
- The menstrual cycle through the lens of a wearable device: insights into physiology, sleep, and cycle variability.NPJ digital medicine · 2026Article
- Respiratory Monitoring in Motion: An Overview of Wearable Methods and Algorithmic Approaches for Reliable Assessment.Biosensors · 2026Review
- A Thematic Analysis of Sleep Behavior Self-Regulation in Young Adults with Type 1 Diabetes.Diabetology · 2026Article
- Determining a Likely Mechanism of Missingness in Repeated Measures Sleep Data From Wearable Fitness Trackers: Longitudinal Analysis.JMIR mHealth and uHealth · 2026Article
- Decoding menstrual health across the lifespan: a scoping review of digital health tools in research.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Personalized Machine Learning Intervention to Improve Sleep Quality Using Wearable Technology in Healthy Middle-Aged Adults From Mexico City: Protocol for a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR research protocols · 2026Article
- Tracking Cognitive Health With Wearables in Telerehabilitation Female Participants: Could Nighttime Sleep Measures Be Used as Sex-Specific Digital Endpoints?JMIR neurotechnology · 2026Article
- Sleep in the age of technology: the use of sleep apps and perceived impact on sleep and sleep habits.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Nightly variations in sleep quality and next-day cognitive performance: an in-home study in healthy older adults.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Article
19 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
STUDY
objectivesThe purpose of this study was to determine whether a wearable sleep-tracker improves perceived sleep quality in healthy participants and to test whether wearables reliably measure sleep quantity and quality compared with polysomnography.
methodsThis study included a single-center randomized crossover trial of community-based participants without medical conditions or sleep disorders. A wearable device (WHOOP, Inc.) was used that provided feedback regarding sleep information to the participant for 1 week and maintained sleep logs versus 1 week of maintained sleep logs alone. Self-reported daily sleep behaviors were documented in sleep logs. Polysomnography was performed on 1 night when wearing the wearable. The Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System sleep disturbance sleep scale was measured at baseline, day 7 and day 14 of study participation.
resultsIn 32 participants (21 women; 23.8 ± 5 years), wearables improved nighttime sleep quality (Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System sleep disturbance: B = -1.69; 95% confidence interval, -3.11 to -0.27; P = .021) after adjusting for age, sex, baseline, and order effect. There was a small increase in self-reported daytime naps when wearing the device (B = 3.2; SE, 1.4; P = .023), but total daily sleep remained unchanged (P = .43). The wearable had low bias (13.8 minutes) and precision (17.8 minutes) errors for measuring sleep duration and measured dream sleep and slow wave sleep accurately (intraclass coefficient, 0.74 ± 0.28 and 0.85 ± 0.15, respectively). Bias and precision error for heart rate (bias, -0.17%; precision, 1.5%) and respiratory rate (bias, 1.8%; precision, 6.7%) were very low compared with that measured by electrocardiogram and inductance plethysmography during polysomnography.
conclusionsIn healthy people, wearables can improve sleep quality and accurately measure sleep and cardiorespiratory variables. CLINICAL
trial registrationRegistry: ClinicalTrials.gov; Name: Assessment of Sleep by WHOOP in Ambulatory Subjects; Identifier: NCT03692195.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.