ArticleRadiology2020
Deep Learning for Automatic Calcium Scoring in CT: Validation Using Multiple Cardiac CT and Chest CT Protocols.
Open access · greenAbstract readValidation Study
In one paragraph
Article in Radiology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 115 papers.
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115citing papers in PubMed
13.2field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
115 citing papers in PubMed, 226 citations in OpenAlex.
- Fully automated deep learning powered calcium scoring in patients undergoing myocardial perfusion imaging.Journal of nuclear cardiology : official publication of the American Society of Nuclear Cardiology · 2023Trial
- A deep learning model integrating mammography and clinical factors facilitates the malignancy prediction of BI-RADS 4 microcalcifications in breast cancer screening.European radiology · 2021Trial
- Agreement and workflow efficiency of AI-based coronary artery calcification quantification in lung cancer screening: Comparison with semi-automated and visual assessment.European journal of radiology open · 2026Article
- Coronary artery calcium score-emerging role for opportunistic screening on thoracic CT and novel applications.The British journal of radiology · 2026Review
- Hidden risk in normal myocardial perfusion scans: AI-detected proximal coronary calcium on CT attenuation maps improves prognosis.European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging · 2026Article
- Wearable Devices in Cardiovascular Care: A Narrative Review of the Transition Toward Predictive, Preventive, Personalized, and Participatory Medicine.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Clinical Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Cardiac CT: From Coronary CT Angiography to CT-Derived Fractional Flow Reserve and Myocardial Perfusion Imaging.Korean journal of radiology · 2026Review
- Coronary artery calcium on chest CT scans: from incidental finding to mandatory reporting.Nature reviews. Cardiology · 2026Article
- From Automated ECG Interpretation to Multimodal Cardiovascular Intelligence: The Evolution of Artificial Intelligence in Cardiovascular Medicine.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Quantifying the impact of slice thickness on cardiovascular risk stratification in lung cancer screening: a multi-center "RESCUE" study.Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery · 2026Article
- Review
- Opportunistic Assessment of Coronary Artery Calcium Volume and Density From Non-Electrocardiogram-Gated Chest CT Using Artificial Intelligence: Prognostic Implications in a Screening Cohort.Korean journal of radiology · 2026Article
- Applying artificial intelligence to ensure high quality and equitable lung cancer screening.Translational lung cancer research · 2026Review
- Association of Cardiac and Pulmonary CT Imaging Features with Respiratory Side Effects After Whole-Breast Radiotherapy.Cancers · 2026Article
- Assessing Coronary Calcium Thresholds on Attenuation-Correction CT With Myocardial Perfusion Imaging Equating to Secondary Prevention.JACC. Advances · 2026Article
- Association between deep learning-based coronary artery calcium score on non-gated chest CT and progression of chronic kidney disease: a retrospective observational cohort study.BMC medical imaging · 2026Observational
- A deep-learning-based pipeline for automatic fusion of CT coronary angiogram and stress perfusion CMR.Medical physics · 2026Article
- DINO-LG: Enhancing vision transformers with label guidance for coronary artery calcium detection.Medical & biological engineering & computing · 2026Article
- Novel risk score for predicting acute cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events after chest radiotherapy in patients with breast or lung cancer.European journal of preventive cardiology · 2026Article
- Application of the Novel Two-Compartmental Model to Quantify Coronary Artery Calcium: A Pilot Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
55 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 1 institution in 3 countries.
Sanne G M van VelzenFrom the Image Sciences Institute (S.G.M.v.V., N.L., M.A.V., I.I.), Departments of Radiology (B.K.V., T.L., P.A.d.J., W.B.V.), Experimental Cardiology (I.E.M.B.), and Radiotherapy (D.H.J.G.v.d.B.), and Imaging Division (H.M.V.), University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (N.L.); Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Physics (S.G.M.v.V., I.I.) and Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (I.I.), and Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (I.I.), Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (N.L.); Department of Cardiology, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, the Netherlands (I.E.M.B.); Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Miss (A.C.); and Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn (J.G.T., J.J.C.).ORCID 0000-0003-0682-1013
Nikolas LessmannFrom the Image Sciences Institute (S.G.M.v.V., N.L., M.A.V., I.I.), Departments of Radiology (B.K.V., T.L., P.A.d.J., W.B.V.), Experimental Cardiology (I.E.M.B.), and Radiotherapy (D.H.J.G.v.d.B.), and Imaging Division (H.M.V.), University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (N.L.); Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Physics (S.G.M.v.V., I.I.) and Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (I.I.), and Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (I.I.), Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (N.L.); Department of Cardiology, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, the Netherlands (I.E.M.B.); Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Miss (A.C.); and Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn (J.G.T., J.J.C.).ORCID 0000-0001-7935-9611
Birgitta K VelthuisFrom the Image Sciences Institute (S.G.M.v.V., N.L., M.A.V., I.I.), Departments of Radiology (B.K.V., T.L., P.A.d.J., W.B.V.), Experimental Cardiology (I.E.M.B.), and Radiotherapy (D.H.J.G.v.d.B.), and Imaging Division (H.M.V.), University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (N.L.); Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Physics (S.G.M.v.V., I.I.) and Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (I.I.), and Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (I.I.), Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (N.L.); Department of Cardiology, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, the Netherlands (I.E.M.B.); Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Miss (A.C.); and Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn (J.G.T., J.J.C.).
Ingrid E M BankFrom the Image Sciences Institute (S.G.M.v.V., N.L., M.A.V., I.I.), Departments of Radiology (B.K.V., T.L., P.A.d.J., W.B.V.), Experimental Cardiology (I.E.M.B.), and Radiotherapy (D.H.J.G.v.d.B.), and Imaging Division (H.M.V.), University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (N.L.); Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Physics (S.G.M.v.V., I.I.) and Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (I.I.), and Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (I.I.), Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (N.L.); Department of Cardiology, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, the Netherlands (I.E.M.B.); Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Miss (A.C.); and Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn (J.G.T., J.J.C.).ORCID 0000-0002-2984-849X
Desiree H J G van den BongardFrom the Image Sciences Institute (S.G.M.v.V., N.L., M.A.V., I.I.), Departments of Radiology (B.K.V., T.L., P.A.d.J., W.B.V.), Experimental Cardiology (I.E.M.B.), and Radiotherapy (D.H.J.G.v.d.B.), and Imaging Division (H.M.V.), University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (N.L.); Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Physics (S.G.M.v.V., I.I.) and Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (I.I.), and Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (I.I.), Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (N.L.); Department of Cardiology, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, the Netherlands (I.E.M.B.); Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Miss (A.C.); and Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn (J.G.T., J.J.C.).
Tim LeinerFrom the Image Sciences Institute (S.G.M.v.V., N.L., M.A.V., I.I.), Departments of Radiology (B.K.V., T.L., P.A.d.J., W.B.V.), Experimental Cardiology (I.E.M.B.), and Radiotherapy (D.H.J.G.v.d.B.), and Imaging Division (H.M.V.), University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (N.L.); Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Physics (S.G.M.v.V., I.I.) and Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (I.I.), and Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (I.I.), Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (N.L.); Department of Cardiology, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, the Netherlands (I.E.M.B.); Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Miss (A.C.); and Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn (J.G.T., J.J.C.).ORCID 0000-0003-1885-5499
Pim A de JongFrom the Image Sciences Institute (S.G.M.v.V., N.L., M.A.V., I.I.), Departments of Radiology (B.K.V., T.L., P.A.d.J., W.B.V.), Experimental Cardiology (I.E.M.B.), and Radiotherapy (D.H.J.G.v.d.B.), and Imaging Division (H.M.V.), University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (N.L.); Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Physics (S.G.M.v.V., I.I.) and Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (I.I.), and Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (I.I.), Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (N.L.); Department of Cardiology, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, the Netherlands (I.E.M.B.); Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Miss (A.C.); and Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn (J.G.T., J.J.C.).ORCID 0000-0003-4840-6854
Wouter B VeldhuisFrom the Image Sciences Institute (S.G.M.v.V., N.L., M.A.V., I.I.), Departments of Radiology (B.K.V., T.L., P.A.d.J., W.B.V.), Experimental Cardiology (I.E.M.B.), and Radiotherapy (D.H.J.G.v.d.B.), and Imaging Division (H.M.V.), University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (N.L.); Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Physics (S.G.M.v.V., I.I.) and Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (I.I.), and Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (I.I.), Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (N.L.); Department of Cardiology, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, the Netherlands (I.E.M.B.); Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Miss (A.C.); and Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn (J.G.T., J.J.C.).ORCID 0000-0002-9798-6843
Adolfo CorreaFrom the Image Sciences Institute (S.G.M.v.V., N.L., M.A.V., I.I.), Departments of Radiology (B.K.V., T.L., P.A.d.J., W.B.V.), Experimental Cardiology (I.E.M.B.), and Radiotherapy (D.H.J.G.v.d.B.), and Imaging Division (H.M.V.), University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (N.L.); Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Physics (S.G.M.v.V., I.I.) and Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (I.I.), and Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (I.I.), Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (N.L.); Department of Cardiology, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, the Netherlands (I.E.M.B.); Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Miss (A.C.); and Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn (J.G.T., J.J.C.).
James G TerryFrom the Image Sciences Institute (S.G.M.v.V., N.L., M.A.V., I.I.), Departments of Radiology (B.K.V., T.L., P.A.d.J., W.B.V.), Experimental Cardiology (I.E.M.B.), and Radiotherapy (D.H.J.G.v.d.B.), and Imaging Division (H.M.V.), University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (N.L.); Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Physics (S.G.M.v.V., I.I.) and Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (I.I.), and Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (I.I.), Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (N.L.); Department of Cardiology, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, the Netherlands (I.E.M.B.); Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Miss (A.C.); and Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn (J.G.T., J.J.C.).
John Jeffrey CarrFrom the Image Sciences Institute (S.G.M.v.V., N.L., M.A.V., I.I.), Departments of Radiology (B.K.V., T.L., P.A.d.J., W.B.V.), Experimental Cardiology (I.E.M.B.), and Radiotherapy (D.H.J.G.v.d.B.), and Imaging Division (H.M.V.), University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (N.L.); Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Physics (S.G.M.v.V., I.I.) and Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (I.I.), and Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (I.I.), Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (N.L.); Department of Cardiology, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, the Netherlands (I.E.M.B.); Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Miss (A.C.); and Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn (J.G.T., J.J.C.).ORCID 0000-0002-4398-8237
Max A ViergeverFrom the Image Sciences Institute (S.G.M.v.V., N.L., M.A.V., I.I.), Departments of Radiology (B.K.V., T.L., P.A.d.J., W.B.V.), Experimental Cardiology (I.E.M.B.), and Radiotherapy (D.H.J.G.v.d.B.), and Imaging Division (H.M.V.), University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (N.L.); Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Physics (S.G.M.v.V., I.I.) and Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (I.I.), and Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (I.I.), Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (N.L.); Department of Cardiology, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, the Netherlands (I.E.M.B.); Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Miss (A.C.); and Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn (J.G.T., J.J.C.).
Helena M VerkooijenFrom the Image Sciences Institute (S.G.M.v.V., N.L., M.A.V., I.I.), Departments of Radiology (B.K.V., T.L., P.A.d.J., W.B.V.), Experimental Cardiology (I.E.M.B.), and Radiotherapy (D.H.J.G.v.d.B.), and Imaging Division (H.M.V.), University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (N.L.); Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Physics (S.G.M.v.V., I.I.) and Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (I.I.), and Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (I.I.), Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (N.L.); Department of Cardiology, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, the Netherlands (I.E.M.B.); Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Miss (A.C.); and Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn (J.G.T., J.J.C.).ORCID 0000-0001-9480-1623
Ivana IšgumFrom the Image Sciences Institute (S.G.M.v.V., N.L., M.A.V., I.I.), Departments of Radiology (B.K.V., T.L., P.A.d.J., W.B.V.), Experimental Cardiology (I.E.M.B.), and Radiotherapy (D.H.J.G.v.d.B.), and Imaging Division (H.M.V.), University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (N.L.); Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Physics (S.G.M.v.V., I.I.) and Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (I.I.), and Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (I.I.), Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (N.L.); Department of Cardiology, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, the Netherlands (I.E.M.B.); Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Miss (A.C.); and Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn (J.G.T., J.J.C.).ORCID 0000-0003-1869-5034
Radboud University Nijmegen · NL
Funding
NCI NIH HHS HHSN261201800010INCI NIH HHS HHSN261201800012INCI NIH HHS HHSN261201800014INHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201100011INHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201800010INHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201800011CNHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201800011INHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201800012CNHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201800012INHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201800014CNHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201800014INHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201800015INIMHD NIH HHS HHSN268201800013I
Abstract
Background Although several deep learning (DL) calcium scoring methods have achieved excellent performance for specific CT protocols, their performance in a range of CT examination types is unknown. Purpose To evaluate the performance of a DL method for automatic calcium scoring across a wide range of CT examination types and to investigate whether the method can adapt to different types of CT examinations when representative images are added to the existing training data set. Materials and Methods The study included 7240 participants who underwent various types of nonenhanced CT examinations that included the heart: coronary artery calcium (CAC) scoring CT, diagnostic CT of the chest, PET attenuation correction CT, radiation therapy treatment planning CT, CAC screening CT, and low-dose CT of the chest. CAC and thoracic aorta calcification (TAC) were quantified using a convolutional neural network trained with
Indexed as
Deep LearningAgedClinical ProtocolsCoronary Artery DiseaseFemaleHeartHumansMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesThoraxTomography, X-Ray ComputedVascular Calcification
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