Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32042930›Full record

ArticleBiochemistry and biophysics reports2020

Concentration dependent cholesteryl-ester and wax-ester structural relationships and meibomian gland dysfunction.

Zofia A Hetman, Douglas Borchman

Erratum issuedOpen access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Biochemistry and biophysics reports, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 20 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
20citing papers in PubMed
3.8field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

20 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Diurnal Variation of Tear and Meibum Lipids in Healthy Subjects.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
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  4. Changes in Human Meibum Lipid Composition Related to the Presence and Severity of Meibomian Gland Dysfunction.Journal of ocular pharmacology and therapeutics : the official journal of the Association for Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics · 2024
    Article
  5. Meibomian Gland Shortening Is Associated With Altered Meibum Composition.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2024
    Article
  6. Article
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  9. Nonpolar Lipids Contribute to Midday Fogging During Scleral Lens Wear.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2023
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  20. Topical Application of a Novel Harderian-Derived Nonpolar Lipid Prolongs Tear Film Breakup Time in Normal Beagle Dogs.Journal of ocular pharmacology and therapeutics : the official journal of the Association for Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Zofia A HetmanDepartment of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.
Douglas BorchmanDepartment of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.
University of Louisville · US

Funding

Tear Film Lipid Compositional, Structural, Functional, Relationships, and Dry EyeR01EY026180 · NEI · UNIVERSITY OF LOUISVILLE · PI BORCHMAN, DOUGLAS · 2016 to 2020
$1.4M
NEI NIH HHS R01 EY026180
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundWith dry eye, the ratio of cholesteryl ester (CE) to wax ester (WE) decreases substantially in meibum, but the functional and structural consequences of this change are speculative. The aim of this study is to confirm this finding and to bridge this gap in knowledge by investigating the effect of varying CE/WE ratios on lipid structure and thermodynamics.

methodsInfrared spectroscopy was use to quantify CE and WE in human meibum and to measure hydrocarbon chain conformation and thermodynamics in a cholesteryl behenate, stearyl stearate model system.

resultsThe CE/WE molar ratio was 36% lower for meibum from donors with dry eye due to meibomian gland dysfunction compared with meibum from donors without dry eye. CE (5 mol %) dramatically increased the phase transition temperature of pure WE from -0.12 °C to 63 °C in the mixture. Above 5 mol % CB, the phase transition temperature increased linearly, from 68.5 °C to 85 °C. In the ordered state, CE caused an increase in lipid order from about 72%

conclusionsThe CE/WE is lower in meibum from donors with dry eye due to meibomian-gland dysfunction. Major conformational changes in the hydrocarbon chains of wax and cholesteryl ester mixtures begin to occur with just 5% CB and above. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE: CE-WE interactions may be important for in understanding lipid layer structure and functional relationships on the surface of tears, skin and plants.

Indexed as

CB, cholesteryl behenateCE, cholesteryl esterCholesteryl esterDry eyeFTIR, Fourier transform infraredInfrared spectroscopyMeibumOO, oleyl oleateTFLL, tear film lipid layerWax esterWE, wax esterν̃sym, the frequency of the infrared symmetric stretching band

Identifiers

PMID32042930
PMCPMC7000810
OpenAlexW3004187043

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.