Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32042808›Full record

ReviewAnnals of translational medicine2019

Emerging biomarkers in autism spectrum disorder: a systematic review.

Richard E Frye, Sarah Vassall, Gurjot Kaur, Christina Lewis, Mohammand Karim, Daniel Rossignol

Registry-linked trialOpen access · diamondAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Annals of translational medicine, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06915805 (BABY@NET), which is not on this map. Cited by 106 papers, 10 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
106citing papers in PubMed, 10 pooled it
8.5field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT06915805 recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2023, after this paper: background citation

BABY@NET: A Technology-based National Surveillance Network for the Early Identification of Autism Spectrum Disorder and Other Neurodevelopmental Disorders in At-risk Populations

TypeobservationalSponsorIstituto Superiore di SanitàRan2023 to 2025Enrolled296ConditionsAutism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), Neurodevelopmental Disorders
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

106 citing papers in PubMed, 10 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 190 citations in OpenAlex.

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  11. Efficacy and Safety of AltibrainCurrent pharmaceutical design · 2025
    Trial
  12. Review
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  16. Linking Brain Morphometry to Psychometric Measures and Energy-Metabolic Biomarkers in Adults With Autism Spectrum Disorder.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research · 2026
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46 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Richard E FryeBarrow Neurological Institute at Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
Sarah VassallBarrow Neurological Institute at Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
Gurjot KaurBarrow Neurological Institute at Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
Christina LewisBarrow Neurological Institute at Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
Mohammand KarimBarrow Neurological Institute at Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
Daniel RossignolRossignol Medical Center, Aliso Viejo, CA, USA.
Barrow Neurological Institute · USPhoenix Children's Hospital · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) affects approximately 2% of children in the United States (US) yet its etiology is unclear and effective treatments are lacking. Therapeutic interventions are most effective if started early in life, yet diagnosis often remains delayed, partly because the diagnosis of ASD is based on identifying abnormal behaviors that may not emerge until the disorder is well established. Biomarkers that identify children at risk during the pre-symptomatic period, assist with early diagnosis, confirm behavioral observations, stratify patients into subgroups, and predict therapeutic response would be a great advance. Here we underwent a systematic review of the literature on ASD to identify promising biomarkers and rated the biomarkers in regards to a Level of Evidence and Grade of Recommendation using the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine scale. Biomarkers identified by our review included physiological biomarkers that identify neuroimmune and metabolic abnormalities, neurological biomarkers including abnormalities in brain structure, function and neurophysiology, subtle behavioral biomarkers including atypical development of visual attention, genetic biomarkers and gastrointestinal biomarkers. Biomarkers of ASD may be found prior to birth and after diagnosis and some may predict response to specific treatments. Many promising biomarkers have been developed for ASD. However, many biomarkers are preliminary and need to be validated and their role in the diagnosis and treatment of ASD needs to be defined. It is likely that biomarkers will need to be combined to be effective to identify ASD early and guide treatment.

Indexed as

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD)biomarkersepigeneticeye movementfolategeneticmethylationmitochondrianeuroimmuneneurophysiologyredox

Identifiers

PMID32042808
PMCPMC6989979
OpenAlexW2989987020

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.