ArticleJournal of the American Statistical Association2017
Quantifying an Adherence Path-Specific Effect of Antiretroviral Therapy in the Nigeria PEPFAR Program.
Article in Journal of the American Statistical Association, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Practical causal mediation analysis: extending nonparametric estimators to accommodate multiple mediators and multiple intermediate confounders.Biostatistics (Oxford, England) · 2024Article
- A Bayesian nonparametric approach for causal mediation with a post-treatment confounder.Biometrics · 2024Article
- Recent Developments in Causal Inference and Machine Learning.Annual review of sociology · 2023Article
- Article
- Examining the causal mediating role of brain pathology on the relationship between diabetes and cognitive impairment: the Cardiovascular Health Study.Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series A, (Statistics in Society) · 2020Article
- A novel path-specific effect statistic for identifying the differential specific paths in systems epidemiology.BMC genetics · 2020Article
- Identification in Causal Models With Hidden Variables.Journal de la Societe francaise de statistique (2009) · 2020Article
- On semiparametric estimation of a path-specific effect in the presence of mediator-outcome confounding.Biometrika · 2020Article
- Estimation of Natural Indirect Effects Robust to Unmeasured Confounding and Mediator Measurement Error.Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2019Article
- Identification of Personalized Effects Associated With Causal Pathways.Uncertainty in artificial intelligence : proceedings of the ... conference. Conference on Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence · 2018Article
- Estimation of Personalized Effects Associated With Causal Pathways.Uncertainty in artificial intelligence : proceedings of the ... conference. Conference on Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence · 2018Article
- Fair Inference on Outcomes.Proceedings of the ... AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence. AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence · 2018Article
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5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Since the early 2000s, evidence has accumulated for a significant differential effect of first-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) viral load suppression. This finding was replicated in our data from the Harvard President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) program in Nigeria. Investigators were interested in finding the source of these differences, i.e., understanding the mechanisms through which one regimen outperforms another, particularly via adherence. This question can be naturally formulated via mediation analysis with adherence playing the role of a mediator. Existing mediation analysis results, however, have relied on an assumption of no exposure-induced confounding of the intermediate variable, and generally require an assumption of no unmeasured confounding for nonparametric identification. Both assumptions are violated by the presence of drug toxicity. In this paper, we relax these assumptions and show that certain path-specific effects remain identified under weaker conditions. We focus on the path-specific effect solely mediated by adherence and not by toxicity and propose an estimator for this effect. We illustrate with simulations and present results from a study applying the methodology to the Harvard PEPFAR data. Supplementary materials are available online.
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