ArticleNanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)2020
Size, Surface Functionalization, and Genotoxicity of Gold Nanoparticles In Vitro.
Article in Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 76 citations in OpenAlex.
- Multimodal optical imaging strategy to evaluate the microscopic biodistribution of SERS gold nanoparticles across histology sections.Biophotonics discovery · 2026Article
- Exposure, Cytotoxicity and Cellular Uptake of Silver (Ag) and Gold (Au) Nanoparticles in Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells During Nanoparticle Synthesis.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Application Advances of Gold Nanoparticles in Cancer Theranostics: From Physicochemical Mechanisms to Multifunctional Nanoplatforms.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Membrane-derived biomimetic nanovesicles in anti-tumor immunotherapy: Advances and outlook.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2026Review
- Medical importance and pharmacokinetics of gold nanoparticles in the human body.Molecular cancer · 2025Review
- A Permeabilization Workflow To Enable Specific Multiplexed Profiling Using SERS Nanoparticles.ACS applied materials & interfaces · 2025Article
- Gold nanoparticles as innovative therapeutics for oral mucositis: A review of current evidence.Drug delivery and translational research · 2025Review
- Genotoxicity of nanoparticles evaluated using theJournal of environmental science and health. Part C, Toxicology and carcinogenesis · 2025Review
- Multi-shell gold nanoparticles functionalized with methotrexate: a novel nanotherapeutic approach for improved antitumoral and antioxidant activity and enhanced biocompatibility.Drug delivery · 2024Article
- In Vitro Evaluation of DNA Damage Induction by Silver (Ag), Gold (Au), Silica (SiOCurrent issues in molecular biology · 2024Article
- Surface engineered nanohybrids in plasmonic photothermal therapy for cancer: Regulatory and translational challenges.Nanotheranostics · 2024Review
- Cytotoxicity of gold nanoparticles to human lymphocytes: a comparison between rod-shaped and spherical nanoparticles.Contemporary oncology (Poznan, Poland) · 2024Article
- Functionalized Gold Nanoparticles Suppress the Proliferation of Human Lung Alveolar Adenocarcinoma Cells by Deubiquitinating Enzymes Inhibition.ACS omega · 2023Article
- Green Synthesis of Metal and Metal Oxide Nanoparticles: A Review of the Principles and Biomedical Applications.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Next-generation nanomaterials: advancing ocular anti-inflammatory drug therapy.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2023Review
- Role of Chemical Reduction and Formulation of Graphene Oxide on Its Cytotoxicity towards Human Epithelial Bronchial Cells.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- A 90-day oral exposure to food-grade gold at relevant human doses impacts the gut microbiota and the local immune system in a sex-dependent manner in mice.Particle and fibre toxicology · 2023Article
- Gold Nanorods as Radiopharmaceutical Carriers: Preparation and Preliminary Radiobiological In Vitro Tests.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Resistance to Degradation of Silk Fibroin Hydrogels Exposed to Neuroinflammatory Environments.Polymers · 2023Article
- Estimation of Calcium Titanate or Erbium Oxide Nanoparticles Induced Cytotoxicity and Genotoxicity in Normal HSF Cells.Biological trace element research · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Several studies suggested that gold nanoparticles (NPs) could be genotoxic in vitro and in vivo. However, gold NPs currently produced present a wide range of sizes and functionalization, which could affect their interactions with the environment or with biological structures and, thus, modify their toxic effects. In this study, we investigated the role of surface charge in determining the genotoxic potential of gold NPs, as measured by the induction of DNA damage (comet assay) and chromosomal damage (micronucleus assay) in human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells. The cellular uptake of gold NPs was assessed by hyperspectral imaging. Two core sizes (~5 nm and ~20 nm) and three functionalizations representing negative (carboxylate), positive (ammonium), and neutral (poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)ylated) surface charges were examined. Cationic ammonium gold NPs were clearly more cytotoxic than their anionic and neutral counterparts, but genotoxicity was not simply dependent on functionalization or size, since DNA damage was induced by 20-nm ammonium and PEGylated gold NPs, while micronucleus induction was increased by 5-nm ammonium and 20-nm PEGylated gold NPs. The 5-nm carboxylated gold NPs were not genotoxic, and evidence on the genotoxicity of the 20-nm carboxylated gold NPs was restricted to a positive result at the lowest dose in the micronucleus assay. When interpreting the results, it has to be taken into account that cytotoxicity limited the doses available for the ammonium-functionalized gold NPs and that gold NPs were earlier described to interfere with the comet assay procedure, possibly resulting in a false positive result. In conclusion, our findings show that the cellular uptake and cytotoxicity of gold NPs are clearly enhanced by positive surface charge, but neither functionalization nor size can single-handedly account for the genotoxic effects of the gold NPs.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.