ArticlePloS one2020
Diversity of bacteriophages encoding Panton-Valentine leukocidin in temporally and geographically related Staphylococcus aureus.
Article in PloS one, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
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17 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Genomic Characterization of a Rare Methicillin-Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus ST72 Isolate Co-Harboring Panton-Valentine Leukocidin and Toxic Shock Syndrome Toxin-1 Encoding Genes from Northern Vietnam.Current microbiology · 2026Article
- Phylogenomic analysis of a methicillin-resistantMicrobial genomics · 2026Article
- Diversity and evolution of leukotoxin operons inmSystems · 2026Article
- Emergence of a methicillin-susceptibleFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Article
- Review
- Rapid Detection of Panton-Valentine Leukocidin Production in Clinical Isolates ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Decoding the evolutionary history of ST30Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- Coexistence of the blaZ gene and selected virulence determinants in multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: insights from three Nigerian tertiary hospitals.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Characterisation of PVL-PositiveAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Genomic characterization of a unique Panton-Valentine leucocidin-positive community-associated methicillin-resistantMicrobial genomics · 2023Article
- Article
- Progress in the Prevalence, Classification and Drug Resistance Mechanisms of Methicillin-ResistantInfection and drug resistance · 2023Review
- The pro-inflammatory effect of Staphylokinase contributes to community-associated Staphylococcus aureus pneumonia.Communications biology · 2022Article
- Analysis of intact prophages in genomes ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- Let Me Upgrade You: Impact of Mobile Genetic Elements on Enterococcal Adaptation and Evolution.Journal of bacteriology · 2021Review
- Examination ofViruses · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Production of the Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) by Staphylococcus aureus is mediated via the genes lukS-PV and lukF-PV which are carried on bacteriophage ϕSa2. PVL is associated with S. aureus strains that cause serious infections and clones of community-associated methicillin-resistant S. aureus (CA-MRSA) that have additionally disseminated widely. In Western Australia (WA) the original CA-MRSA were PVL negative however, between 2005 and 2008, following the introduction of eight international PVL-positive CA-MRSA, PVL-positive WA CA-MRSA were found. There was concern that PVL bacteriophages from the international clones were transferring into the local clones, therefore a comparative study of PVL-carrying ϕSa2 prophage genomes from historic WA PVL-positive S. aureus and representatives of all PVL-positive CA-MRSA isolated in WA between 2005 and 2008 was performed. The prophages were classified into two genera and three PVL bacteriophage groups and had undergone many recombination events during their evolution. Comparative analysis of mosaic regions of selected bacteriophages using the Alignments of bacteriophage genomes (Alpha) aligner revealed novel recombinations and modules. There was heterogeneity in the chromosomal integration sites, the lysogeny regulation regions, the defence and DNA processing modules, the structural and packaging modules and the lukSF-PV genes. One WA CA-MRSA (WA518751) and one international clone (Korean Clone) have probably acquired PVL-carrying ϕSa2 in WA, however these clones did not disseminate in the community. Genetic heterogeneity made it impossible to trace the source of the PVL prophages in the other WA clones. Against this background of PVL prophage diversity, the sequence of one group, the ϕSa2USA/ϕSa2wa-st93 group, was remarkably stable over at least 20 years and associated with the highly virulent USA300 and ST93-IVa CA-MRSA lineages that have disseminated globally.
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