ReviewFrontiers in cell and developmental biology2019
New Biological Insights on X and Y Chromosome-Bearing Spermatozoa.
Review in Frontiers in cell and developmental biology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed.
- A non-randomized clinical trial to determine the safety and efficacy of a novel sperm sex selection technique.PloS one · 2023Trial
- Article
- Sperm Sexing in Selected Animals and Humans: Methods, Applications, and Future Prospects.Andrology · 2026Review
- Drivers of systemic male-female allele frequency divergence in humans.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Toll-like receptors 7 and 8 can be targeted to enrich Y-chromosome sperm in the domestic dog.Reproduction & fertility · 2026Article
- Does a Father's Social Environment Influence Their Sons' Sperm Sex Ratio? Potential for the Epigenetic Transmission of a Sex-Allocating Mechanism.Ecology and evolution · 2025Article
- Progress of sex control techniques in mammals†.Biology of reproduction · 2025Review
- Unveiling the Effects of Natural Disasters and Nuclear Energy on the Secondary Sex Ratio: A Comprehensive Review.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Using Cholesterol-Loaded Cyclodextrin to Improve Cryo-Survivability and Reduce Capacitation-Like Changes in Gender-Ablated Jersey Semen.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Evaluation of aptamers binding ability towards bovine X-specific sperm.Molecular biology reports · 2025Article
- Enhanced sperm sexing efficiency and quality preservation in Bali bulls using freeze-dried albumin separation media.Open veterinary journal · 2025Review
- Novel single-chain fragment variable antibody targeting plasma membrane epitopes on porcine Y-chromosome-bearing sperm.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Three-dimensional genome structures of single mammalian sperm.Nature communications · 2025Article
- The Surface Proteome of Bovine Unsexed and Sexed Spermatozoa.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- No evidence for sex-differential transcriptomes driving genome-wide sex-differential natural selection.American journal of human genetics · 2025Article
- Advances in immunological sorting of X and Y chromosome-bearing sperm: from proteome to sex-specific proteins.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Review
- Exploring aptamers for targeted enrichment of X sperm in bovine: unraveling selective potential.Animal biotechnology · 2024Article
- The effect of toll-like receptor 7/8 ligand in inhibiting the motility of putative X-chromosome-bearing sperm in rams.Journal of advanced veterinary and animal research · 2024Article
- The effect of space travel on human reproductive health: a systematic review.NPJ microgravity · 2024Review
- Comparative Bioinformatic Analysis of the Proteomes of Rabbit and Human Sex Chromosomes.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
A spermatozoon is a male germ cell capable of fertilizing an oocyte and carries genetic information for determining the sex of the offspring. It comprises autosomes and an X (X spermatozoa) or a Y chromosome (Y spermatozoa). The origin and maturation of both X and Y spermatozoa are the same, however, certain differences may exist. Previous studies proposed a substantial difference between X and Y spermatozoa, however, recent studies suggest negligible or no differences between these spermatozoa with respect to ratio, shape and size, motility and swimming pattern, strength, electric charge, pH, stress response, and aneuploidy. The only difference between X and Y spermatozoa lies in their DNA content. Moreover, recent proteomic and genomic studies have identified a set of proteins and genes that are differentially expressed between X and Y spermatozoa. Therefore, the difference in DNA content might be responsible for the differential expression of certain genes and proteins between these cells. In this review, we have compiled our present knowledge to compare X and Y spermatozoa with respect to their structural, functional, and molecular features. In addition, we have highlighted several areas that could be explored in future studies in this field.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.