ReviewFrontiers in oncology2019
Evaluating the Polarization of Tumor-Associated Macrophages Into M1 and M2 Phenotypes in Human Cancer Tissue: Technicalities and Challenges in Routine Clinical Practice.
Review in Frontiers in oncology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 413 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
413 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 644 citations in OpenAlex.
- From mechanism to therapy: advances in macrophage polarisation and targeted intervention in osteosarcoma.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Prognostic and clinicopathological roles of circular RNA expression in chemoresistance in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: a systematic review.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Pooled it
- Human and mouse regenerative macrophages enhance beta cell survival, function, and proliferation.Islets · 2026Article
- TAMing the tumor: targeting immune inhibitory receptors on tumor-associated macrophages in pediatric brain tumors - an emerging immunotherapy strategy.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Review
- Spatial and single-nuclei transcriptomics reveals idiosyncratic and generic patterns in papillary and anaplastic thyroid cancers.Molecular oncology · 2026Article
- Development of [111In]In-CHX-A″-DTPA-αCD68 for ImmunoSPECT to Image Murine Macrophages.Molecular pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- 4-FPAC-Modulated Tumor-Associated Macrophage Conditioned Media Suppresses Malignant Phenotypes and Promotes Cell-Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis in NSCLC.Journal of biochemical and molecular toxicology · 2026Article
- A conserved grain-associated immunosuppressive niche in Sudanese patients with mycetoma.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Observational
- Single-cell analysis reveals crosstalk between TREM1-positive myeloid cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts in colorectal cancer progression.Journal of gastroenterology · 2026Article
- Article
- Precision engineering of macrophage reprogramming with RNA interference-loaded lipid nanoparticles: a game-changer in cancer immunotherapy.Drug delivery and translational research · 2026Review
- Integrative single-cell transcriptomics and co-expression network analysis identify SIMALR as a prognostic immune-related lncRNA in breast cancer: in silico analysis and validation.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- CAR-engineering of innate and innate-like immune cells: a new horizon in adoptive cell therapy for solid tumors.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Review
- Article
- Five dominant amino acid substitution signatures shape tumour immunity.Molecular systems biology · 2026Article
- PFKFB4 promotes M2 polarization of tumor-associated macrophages through aerobic glycolysis-mediated modification of histone H3K18 lactylation in hepatocellular carcinoma.Cancer & metabolism · 2026Article
- Clinicopathological and molecular characterization of tumor-associated macrophages in sporadic and Xeroderma Pigmentosum-related cutaneous melanoma.BMC cancer · 2026Article
- TLR7 modulates glioblastoma progression through PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and immune microenvironment remodeling.Irish journal of medical science · 2026Article
- IOA-244, a novel p110δ PI3K inhibitor, blocks breast tumour progression on either mono- or combined-therapy.Cell death discovery · 2026Article
- A novel humanized immune stroma PDX cancer model for therapeutic studies.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2026Article
353 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) as immune cells within the tumor microenvironment have gained much interests as basic science regarding their roles in tumor progression unfolds. Better understanding of their polarization into pro-tumoral phenotype to promote tumor growth, tumor angiogenesis, immune evasion, and tumor metastasis has prompted various studies to investigate their clinical significance as a biomarker of predictive and prognostic value across different cancer types. Yet, the methodologies to investigate the polarization phenomena in solid tumor tissue vary. Nonetheless, quantifying the ratio of M1 to M2 TAMs has emerged to be a prevailing parameter to evaluate this polarization phenomena for clinical application. This mini-review focuses on recent studies exploring clinical significance of M1/M2 TAM ratio in human cancer tissue and critically evaluates the technicalities and challenges in quantifying this parameter for routine clinical practice. Immunohistochemistry appears to be the preferred methodology for M1/M2 TAM evaluation as it is readily available in clinical laboratories, albeit with certain limitations. Recommendations are made to standardize the quantification of TAMs for better transition into clinical practice and for better comparison among studies in various populations of patients and cancer types.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.