ArticleFrontiers in microbiology2019
Evolutionary Histories of Type III Polyketide Synthases in Fungi.
Article in Frontiers in microbiology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 59 citations in OpenAlex.
- Diverse biosynthetic pathways in Arctic hydrothermal biofilms.Nature communications · 2026Article
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- Unravelling the Functional Diversity of Type III Polyketide Synthases in Fungi.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2025Article
- Next-generation antifungal drugs: Mechanisms, efficacy, and clinical prospects.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2025Review
- The secondary metabolites of the alga-derived fungus Aspergillus niveoglaucus КММ 4176 and their antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities.The Journal of antibiotics · 2025Article
- Genomic Characterization ofGenes · 2024Article
- CLOCI: unveiling cryptic fungal gene clusters with generalized detection.Nucleic acids research · 2024Article
- Designing a highly efficient type III polyketide whole-cell catalyst with minimized byproduct formation.Biotechnology for biofuels and bioproducts · 2024Article
- Review
- Genomic insights into the evolution and adaptation of secondary metabolite gene clusters in fungicolous species Cladobotryum mycophilum ATHUM6906.G3 (Bethesda, Md.) · 2024Article
- Fungal BGCs for Production of Secondary Metabolites: Main Types, Central Roles in Strain Improvement, and Regulation According to the Piano Principle.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- The Influence of Symbiosis on the Proteome of theMicroorganisms · 2023Article
- Genome-Based Analysis ofBiology · 2022Article
- Article
- Fungal secondary metabolites in food and pharmaceuticals in the era of multi-omics.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2022Review
- A genomic approach to analyze the cold adaptation of yeasts isolated from Italian Alps.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- Genome analysis suggests the bacterial family Acetobacteraceae is a source of undiscovered specialized metabolites.Antonie van Leeuwenhoek · 2022Article
- Production, Biosynthesis, and Commercial Applications of Fatty Acids From Oleaginous Fungi.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Review
- Synthaser: a CD-Search enabled Python toolkit for analysing domain architecture of fungal secondary metabolite megasynth(et)ases.Fungal biology and biotechnology · 2021Article
- Genome Mining and Evolutionary Analysis Reveal Diverse Type III Polyketide Synthase Pathways in Cyanobacteria.Genome biology and evolution · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Type III polyketide synthases (PKSs) produce secondary metabolites with diverse biological activities, including antimicrobials. While they have been extensively studied in plants and bacteria, only a handful of type III PKSs from fungi has been characterized in the last 15 years. The exploitation of fungal type III PKSs to produce novel bioactive compounds requires understanding the diversity of these enzymes, as well as of their biosynthetic pathways. Here, phylogenetic and reconciliation analyses of 522 type III PKSs from 1,193 fungal genomes revealed complex evolutionary histories with massive gene duplications and losses, explaining their discontinuous distribution in the fungal tree of life. In addition, horizontal gene transfer events from bacteria to fungi and, to a lower extent, between fungi, could be inferred. Ancestral gene duplication events have resulted in the divergence of eight phylogenetic clades. Especially, two clades show ancestral linkage and functional co-evolution between a type III PKS and a reducing PKS genes. Investigation of the occurrence of protein domains in fungal type III PKS predicted gene clusters highlighted the diversity of biosynthetic pathways, likely reflecting a large chemical landscape. Type III PKS genes are most often located next to genes encoding cytochrome P450s, MFS transporters and transcription factors, defining ancestral core gene clusters. This analysis also allowed predicting gene clusters for the characterized fungal type III PKSs and provides working hypotheses for the elucidation of the full biosynthetic pathways. Altogether, our analyses provide the fundamental knowledge to motivate further characterization and exploitation of fungal type III PKS biosynthetic pathways.
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