ReviewLupus2020
Systemic lupus erythematosus and diffuse alveolar hemorrhage, etiology and novel treatment strategies.
Review in Lupus, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 59 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
59 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 103 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between antiphospholipid antibodies and diffuse alveolar haemorrhage risk in systemic lupus erythematosus: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2025Pooled it
- Liraglutide prevents lupus-associated diffuse alveolar hemorrhage via inhibiting lymphocyte infiltration and promoting macrophage M2 polarization.Journal of translational autoimmunity · 2026Article
- Review
- Paediatric rheumatologic emergencies: clinical spectrum and outcomes from a 3-year cohort study.European journal of pediatrics · 2026Article
- β-Catenin stabilization protects against alveolar hemorrhage through amphiregulin- and BATF-mediated Tregs.JCI insight · 2026Article
- Clinical, radiological and laboratory features and outcomes of diffuse alveolar hemorrhage.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for systemic lupus erythematosus: An ELSO registry analysis.Perfusion · 2026Article
- Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage in rheumatic diseases: Clinical features, diagnosis, and management.Rheumatology and immunology research · 2026Article
- Diffuse Alveolar Hemorrhage as the Initial Manifestation of Acute Myelomonocytic Leukemia.Case reports in hematology · 2026Article
- Deep learning-driven TCRβ repertoire analysis enhances diagnosis and enables mining of immunological biomarkers in systemic lupus erythematosus.BioData mining · 2025Article
- Exploring rituximab efficacy in systemic lupus erythematosus with pulmonary hemorrhage: a retrospective case series from a single center.Clinical rheumatology · 2025Article
- Microscopic polyangiitis in pediatric systemic lupus erythematosus: a unique presentation of pulmonary-renal syndrome and case report of an overlap syndrome.CEN case reports · 2025Article
- Diffuse Alveolar Hemorrhage as the First Presentation of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Case Report.The American journal of case reports · 2025Article
- Pulmonary Involvement in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Potentially Overlooked Condition.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Article
- Connective Tissue Disorder-Induced Diffuse Alveolar Hemorrhage: A Comprehensive Review with an Emphasis on Airway and Respiratory Management.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Microscopic polyangiitis with severe anemia as the first clinical manifestation.World journal of emergency medicine · 2025Article
- Intratracheal Candida administration induced lung dysbiosis, activated neutrophils, and worsened lung hemorrhage in pristane-induced lupus mice.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Cardiovascular and neurovascular complications in systemic lupus Erythematosus: A cross-sectional study of subclinical atherosclerosis and cognitive dysfunction.Bioinformation · 2025Article
- Diffuse Alveolar Hemorrhage as a Life-Threatening Complication of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Case Report.Cureus · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage is a severe respiratory complication of systemic lupus erythematosus. The illness develops over hours to a few days and is the systemic lupus erythematosus-associated syndrome with highest mortality. Although no specific symptoms have been identified, a number of features are associated with diffuse alveolar hemorrhage, with a drop in blood hemoglobin the most prominent. Dyspnea, blood-stained sputum, diffuse infiltrates identified by chest imaging, elevated single breath-diffusing capacity for monoxide, thrombocytopenia and C3 hypocomplementemia are other commonly reported signs of diffuse alveolar hemorrhage. The etiology is not completely understood but many patients develop diffuse alveolar hemorrhage concomitant with lupus nephritis, suggesting immune complex-driven pathology. Biopsy studies have identified both cases with capillaritis and a bland non-inflammatory phenotype. An animal model of diffuse alveolar hemorrhage has indicated requirement of B lymphocytes and complement receptor-mediated apoptotic body phagocytosis by monocytes as part of the pathogenesis. This review will discuss considerations when diagnosing the condition and available therapies. Infections and other causes of hemorrhage have to be excluded as these require different treatment strategies. Methylprednisolone and cyclophosphamide remain the most commonly used therapies. Plasmapheresis and rituximab are other beneficial treatment options. A few studies have also considered intrapulmonary Factor VII therapy, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and mesenchymal stem cell therapy. There is an unmet need of better definition of diffuse alveolar hemorrhages etiology and pathology for development of improved treatment strategies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.