ArticleCancer medicine2020
Individual and joint effects of metformin and statins on mortality among patients with high-risk prostate cancer.
Article in Cancer medicine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prognostic value of metformin in cancers: An updated meta-analysis based on 80 cohort studies.Medicine · 2022 · on this mapPooled it
- Statin Use and Survival Among Men Receiving Androgen-Ablative Therapies for Advanced Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.JAMA network open · 2022Pooled it
- Supplements and Drugs Are Associated With Biological Age in a Cohort of Exceptionally Healthy Individuals.Aging cell · 2026Article
- Evaluation of the toxicity potential of exercise and atorvastatin/metformin combination therapy on STZ-diabetic rats.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2025Article
- Repurposing of Metabolic Drugs Metformin and Simvastatin as an Emerging Class of Cancer Therapeutics.Pharmaceutical research · 2025Review
- Metformin: A Dual-Role Player in Cancer Treatment and Prevention.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Allopurinol and prostate cancer survival in a Finnish population-based cohort.Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases · 2024Article
- The Impact of Statins on the Survival of Patients with Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treated with Sorafenib or Lenvatinib.Cancers · 2024Article
- Metformin and testosterone replacement therapy inversely associated with hormone-associated cancers (prostate, colorectal and male breast cancers) among older White and Black men.Clinical endocrinology · 2022Article
- Effect of Statins on All-Cause Mortality in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Propensity Score-Matched Studies.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Review
- Mutant p53, the Mevalonate Pathway and the Tumor Microenvironment Regulate Tumor Response to Statin Therapy.Cancers · 2022Review
- Evidence on Statins, Omega-3, and Prostate Cancer: A Narrative Review.The world journal of men's health · 2022Review
- Statins for Cardiac and Vascular Protection During and After Cancer Therapy.Current oncology reports · 2022Review
- Statin Use Is Associated with Better Prognosis of Patients with Prostate Cancer after Definite Therapies: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies.Journal of oncology · 2022Review
- Statin as a Potential Chemotherapeutic Agent: Current Updates as a Monotherapy, Combination Therapy, and Treatment for Anti-Cancer Drug Resistance.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Twelve unanswered questions in cancer inspired by the life and work of Leland Chung: "if this is true, what does it imply"?American journal of clinical and experimental urology · 2021Article
- Article
- Individual and joint effects of metformin and statins on mortality among patients with high-risk prostate cancer.Cancer medicine · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPre-clinical studies suggest that metformin and statins may delay prostate cancer (PCa) metastases; however, data in humans are limited. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first human study aimed to quantify the individual and joint effects of statin and metformin use among patients with high-risk PCa.
methodsThis population-based retrospective cohort study identified patients from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)-Medicare linked database. Exposure to metformin and statins was ascertained from Medicare Prescription Drug Event files. The association with all-cause and PCa mortality were evaluated using Cox proportional hazard model with competing causes of death, where propensity scores were used to adjusted imbalances in covariates across groups.
resultsBased on 12 700 patients with high-risk PCa, statin alone or in combination with metformin was significantly associated with reduced all-cause mortality (Hazard Ratio [HR]: 0.89; 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 0.83, 0.96; and HR: 0.75; 95% CI, 0.67-0.83, respectively) and PCa mortality (HR, 0.80; 95% CI: 0.69, 0.92) and 0.64; 95% CI, d 0.51-0.81, respectively. The effects were more pronounced in post-diagnostic users: combination use of metformin/statins was associated with a 32% reduction in all-cause mortality (95% CI, 0.57-0.80), and 54% reduction in PCa mortality (95% CI, 0.30-0.69). No significant association of metformin alone was observed with either all-cause mortality or PCa mortality.
conclusionsStatin use alone or in combination with metformin was associated with lower all-cause and PCa mortality among high-risk patients, particularly in post-diagnostic settings; further studies are warranted.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.