ArticleKnee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA2020
Sodium hypochlorite is more effective than chlorhexidine for eradication of bacterial biofilm of staphylococci and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Article in Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Preliminary study on the effects of sub-MIC concentrations of octenidine and polyhexanidine on biofilms produced by animal isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.BMC microbiology · 2026Article
- 4D-Spatiotemporal SHG Imaging for the Analysis of Drug-Induced Changes in the Dura Mater.Analytical chemistry · 2025Article
- The Effect ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Enhancing Presurgical Infant Orthopedic Appliances: Characterization, Mechanics, and Biofilm Inhibition of a Novel Chlorhexidine-Halloysite Nanotube-Modified PMMA.International journal of biomaterials · 2024Article
- Pulmonary Toxicity Assessment after a Single Intratracheal Inhalation of Chlorhexidine Aerosol in Mice.Toxics · 2023Article
- The role of negative pressure wound therapy with instillation and dwell time in the treatment of deep sternal wound infections-A retrospective cohort study.Health science reports · 2023Article
- Phenotype and genetic determination of resistance to common disinfectants among biofilm-producing and non-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains from clinical specimens in Iran.BMC microbiology · 2022Article
- Topical Antibiofilm Agents With Potential Utility in the Treatment of Chronic Rhinosinusitis: A Narrative Review.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
- Cytotoxic effect of sodium hypochlorite (Lavanox 0.08%) and chlorhexidine gluconate (Irrisept 0.05%) on human osteoblasts.European journal of orthopaedic surgery & traumatology : orthopedie traumatologie · 2022Article
- Article
- Clinical presentation and diagnosis of acute postoperative spinal implant infection (PSII).Journal of spine surgery (Hong Kong) · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposePeriprosthetic infection is a common reason for surgical revision. Given the increasing resistance of bacteria to antibiotics (e.g., VRE, 4-MRGN) local antiseptic treatment is gaining in importance. However, no standard guideline-based treatment recommendation is yet available. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine against bacterial biofilms. Furthermore, the toxicity of both antiseptics towards human chondrocytes was examined.
methodsHuman chondrocytes were isolated, cultivated and treated with sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine. The viability of cultures was assessed by determination of cell count, XTT and MTT ELISAs, and fluorescent staining with propidium iodide. Bacterial strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were added to liquid media and incubated overnight. After determination of bacterial concentrations polyethylene (PE) devices were inoculated with bacteria for 48 h until biofilms formed. The devices were then washed, treated with antiseptics for 2 and 5 min and subsequently spread on agar plates.
resultsSodium hypochlorite is more effective than chlorhexidine in penetrating biofilms of S. aureus, S. epidermidis and P. aeruginosa. Both antiseptics are chondrotoxic, but sodium hypochlorite damages human chondrocytes less than chlorhexidine in vitro.
conclusionsThe findings confirm the effectiveness of sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine against bacterial biofilms. Both antiseptics can be recommended for the treatment of periprosthetic infections. The toxic effects of sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine towards chondrocytes may mean there is a risk of damage to cartilage tissue. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Controlled experimental study.
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