ArticleScientific reports2020
A massacre of early Neolithic farmers in the high Pyrenees at Els Trocs, Spain.
Article in Scientific reports, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Evidence of neolithic cannibalism among farming communities at El Mirador cave, Sierra de Atapuerca, Spain.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Why did doctrinal religions first appear in the Northern Subtropical Zone?Evolutionary human sciences · 2023Review
- Nutrition and Health in Human Evolution-Past to Present.Nutrients · 2022Review
- Managing the stresses of group-living in the transition to village life.Evolutionary human sciences · 2022Article
- Factors affecting attitudes toward migrants-An evolutionary approach.American journal of human biology : the official journal of the Human Biology Council · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
27 authors.
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Abstract
Violence seems deeply rooted in human nature and an endemic potential for such is today frequently associated with differing ethnic, religious or socio-economic backgrounds. Ethnic nepotism is believed to be one of the main causes of inter-group violence in multi-ethnic societies. At the site of Els Trocs in the Spanish Pyrenees, rivalling groups of either migrating early farmers or farmers and indigenous hunter-gatherers collided violently around 5300 BCE. This clash apparently resulted in a massacre of the Els Trocs farmers. The overkill reaction was possibly triggered by xenophobia or massive disputes over resources or privileges. In the present, violence and xenophobia are controlled and sanctioned through social codes of conduct and institutions. So that, rather than representing an insurmountable evolutionary inheritance, violence and ethnic nepotism can be overcome and a sustainable future achieved through mutual respect, tolerance and openness to multi-ethnic societies.
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