ArticleCVIR endovascular2019
Transcatheter embolization with Squid, combined with other embolic agents or alone, in different abdominal diseases: a single-center experience in 30 patients.
Article in CVIR endovascular, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- CIRSE Standards of Practice for the Use of Non-sclerosant Liquid Embolic Agents in IR Practice.Cardiovascular and interventional radiology · 2026Article
- Safety and efficacy of Glubran-2® endovascular embolization in acute bleeding patients with coagulopathies: a multicenter experience.La Radiologia medica · 2026Article
- Liquid embolic agents-a practical overview.CVIR endovascular · 2026Review
- Optimizing the Radiopacity of an Injectable Polymer on Fluoroscopy used for Treatment of Type II Endoleak After Endovascular Aneurysm Repair.Cardiovascular engineering and technology · 2025Article
- The Advantages of Non-Adhesive Gel-like Embolic Materials in the Endovascular Treatment of Benign Hypervascularized Lesions of the Head and Neck.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Pulmonary Artery Pseudoaneurysms Embolization: Bicentric Experience and Review of the Literature.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Safety, Efficacy and Mid-Term Outcome for Transarterial Embolization (TAE) of Renal Angiomyolipoma (AML) Using Ethylene Vinyl Alcohol Copolymer Liquid Embolic Agent (EVOH).Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Liquid Embolic Agents for Endovascular Embolization: A Review.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Efficacy and Safety of Ethylene-Vinyl Alcohol (EVOH) Copolymer-Based Non-Adhesive Liquid Embolic Agents (NALEAs) in Transcatheter Arterial Embolization (TAE) of Acute Non-Neurovascular Bleeding: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023Article
- Article
- Translumbar type II endoleak embolization with a new liquid iodinated polyvinyl alcohol polymer: Case series and review of current literature.Frontiers in radiology · 2023Article
- Peripheral Arteriovenous Malformation Embolization Using Squid.Case reports in vascular medicine · 2023Article
- Internal Iliac Artery Embolization within EVAR Procedure: Safety, Feasibility, and Outcome.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Image-guided embolization of arteriovenous malformations of the hand using Ethylene-vinyl Alcohol Copolymer.Diagnostic and interventional radiology (Ankara, Turkey) · 2022Article
- Preoperative Transarterial Embolization of a Large Petrotentorial Angiomatous Meningioma Using Combination of Liquid Embolic Materials: A Case Report.Asian journal of neurosurgery · 2022Article
- Editorial of Special Issue "Embolization Techniques: State of the Art and Future Perspectives".Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Trancatheter embolization of pulmonary artery pseudoaneurysm with detachable coils in association with non-adhesive liquid embolizing agent (Squid).Acta bio-medica : Atenei Parmensis · 2021Article
- Bronchial artery embolization with an ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer agent (Squid) and polyvinyl alcohol particles for treatment of hemoptysis.Diagnostic and interventional radiology (Ankara, Turkey) · 2021Article
- Transcatheter Arterial Embolization in Acute Non-Variceal Gastrointestinal Bleedings: A Ten-Year Single-Center Experience in 91 Patients and Review of the Literature.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Article
- Non-Adhesive Liquid Embolic Agents in Extra-Cranial District: State of the Art and Review of the Literature.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSquid, as Onyx, is an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (EVOH)-based liquid embolic agent developed for neuroradiologic interventions with poor application in abdominal district. Our aim was to evaluate safety, complications, and efficacy of transcatheter embolization using the two available formulations Squid-18 and 12, in 30 patients affected by different abdominal diseases.
resultsTranscatheter embolization with Squid, combined with other embolic agents, as poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) particles, coils and amplatzer plugs, or alone (type 2 endoleak), was performed in 30 patients, as follows: 10 portal vein embolizations (PVEs), 6 arteriovenous malformations (AVMs), 5 visceral artery aneurysms (VAAs), 4 type 2 endoleaks, 3 preoperative embolizations, 1 acute arterial bleeding, 1 female varicocele. Squid was always administered using dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) compatible microcatheters. Technical success, 30-day clinical success and complications were assessed. Technical success was 90%. 3 patients (2 AVMs, 1 VAA) required re-intervention successfully performed in all cases. Major complications, cases of microcatheter entrapment and DMSO-related poor pain control were not recorded. 30-day clinical success was 93.3%: in 2 patients submitted to PVE a sufficient future liver remnant (FLR) hypertrophy was not achieved.
conclusionSquid was successfully used with low complication rate in many abdominal diseases showing a valid embolic action either combined with other embolic agents or alone in type 2 endoleak. The availability of different formulations (Squid-18 and Squid-12) variable for viscosity makes Squid preferable to Onyx as EVOH-based liquid embolic agent, even though comparable studies in different abdominal districts with a larger cohort of patients will be necessary.
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