ArticleHead and neck pathology2020
The Utility of MDM2 and CDK4 Immunohistochemistry and MDM2 FISH in Craniofacial Osteosarcoma.
Article in Head and neck pathology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Low-grade osteogenic tumor with secondary aneurysmal bone cyst: Distinguishing osteoblastoma from low-grade osteosarcoma in the setting of noncanonical molecular findings.Radiology case reports · 2026Article
- RNA-based next-generation sequencing strategy for screening MDM2-amplified sarcomas.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Molecular Alterations in Osteosarcomas of the Oral and Maxillofacial Region: A Scoping Review.Journal of oral pathology & medicine : official publication of the International Association of Oral Pathologists and the American Academy of Oral Pathology · 2026Article
- LINE1 insertion into the NACC2 locus disrupts the HDM2 axis and activates lung oncogenic signaling.NPJ precision oncology · 2025Article
- Oral Soft Tissue and Jawbone Sarcomas: A Retrospective Clinicopathologic Analysis of 128 Cases from Two Institutions and Comprehensive Literature Review.Head and neck pathology · 2025Review
- Harnessing multi‑omics to revolutionize understanding and management of osteosarcoma: A pathway to precision medicine (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2025Review
- Primary Intraosseous Solitary Fibrous Tumor of the Mandible: Report of a Diagnostically Challenging Case with NAB2::STAT6 Fusion and Review of the Literature.Head and neck pathology · 2024Review
- Carcinosarcoma of the deep lobe of the parotid gland in the parapharyngeal region: A case report.World journal of clinical cases · 2023Article
- Genomic Profiling of the Craniofacial Ossifying Fibroma by Next-Generation Sequencing.Head and neck pathology · 2023Article
- The Utility of Fine Needle Aspiration (FNA) Biopsy in the Diagnosis of Mediastinal Lesions.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Diagnostic value of MDM2 RNA in situ hybridization for low-grade osteosarcoma: Consistency comparison of RNA in situ hybridization, fluorescence in situ hybridization, and immunohistochemistry.Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology · 2023Article
- MDM2 Gene Amplification and Expression of MDM2 and CDK4 are Rare in Ossifying Fibroma of Craniofacial Bones.Head and neck pathology · 2022Article
- Clinicopathological value of the upregulation of cyclin-dependent kinases regulatory subunit 2 in osteosarcoma.BMC medical genomics · 2022Article
- Juvenile trabecular ossifying fibroma: Immunohistochemical expression of MDM2, CDK4 and p53 compared to conventional ossifying fibroma.Journal of clinical and experimental dentistry · 2022Article
- SATB2 and MDM2 Immunoexpression and Diagnostic Role in Primary Osteosarcomas of the Jaw.Dentistry journal · 2021Article
- Juvenile psammomatoid ossifying fibroma of the parietal bone and review of calvarial presentations: illustrative case.Journal of neurosurgery. Case lessons · 2021Article
- MDM2 Amplified Sarcomas: A Literature Review.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Professional diagnostic delay in osteosarcomas of the jaws.Medicina oral, patologia oral y cirugia bucal · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Craniofacial osteosarcoma is rare (2-10% of all osteosarcomas). Most low grade fibroblastic osteosarcomas of the long bones are characterized by amplification of chromosome12q including MDM2 and CDK4 genes. This study aims to investigate the utility of MDM2 and CDK4 immunostains as well as MDM2 FISH in craniofacial osteosarcomas as a means of distinguishing them from benign fibro-osseous lesions. Cases of primary osteosarcoma and benign fibro-osseous lesions of the craniofacial bones were identified in the diagnostic pathology archives. MDM2 (SMP14 and/or IF2) and CDK4 (D9G3E and/or DCS-31) immunostains were performed on a representative block from each osteosarcoma and benign case. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for MDM2 was performed on non-decalcified osteosarcomas. In osteosarcomas, the rate of expression of either MDM2 IF2, MDM2 SMP14, CDK4 DCS-31, or CDK4 D9G3E was 72.7% (8/11 cases), usually focal and weak. Using the MDM2 IF2 clone and the CDK4 DCS-31 clone, MDM2 and CDK4 were negative in lesional cells in all 14 benign fibro-osseous lesions. Using the IF2 and SMP14 clones, MDM2 nuclear expression was present in associated osteoclast-like giant cells in both benign and malignant cases. Of 4 successful cases, 1 high grade osteosarcoma was positive for MDM2 amplification. MDM2 or CDK4 expression or MDM2 amplification may aid in a diagnosis of head and neck osteosarcoma. However, when absent, sarcoma is not excluded. Due to focal weak expression of MDM2 in tumor cells in conjunction with nuclear expression in associated giant cells, caution should be exercised when interpreting positive stains.
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