ArticlePulmonary therapy2018
In Vitro Determination of the Main Effects in the Design of High-Flow Nasal Therapy Systems with Respect to Aerosol Performance.
Article in Pulmonary therapy, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Development of a Controlled-Dose Aerosol Challenge Method Using a Lung Fluid Quantitative Nebulizer.Microorganisms · 2026Article
- Vibrating Mesh Nebulizer (A-VMN) Performance During Low-Flow Nasal Oxygen Therapy in Neonates.Pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Performance Characterisation of the Airvo2Pharmaceutics · 2024Article
- In-Line Aerosol Therapy via Nasal Cannula during Adult and Paediatric Normal, Obstructive, and Restrictive Breathing.Pharmaceutics · 2023Article
- Enhanced Aerosol Delivery During High-Flow Nasal Cannula Therapy.Respiratory care · 2023Article
- Delivery of Aerosolized Bronchodilators by High-Flow Nasal Cannula During COPD Exacerbation.Respiratory care · 2023Article
- Aerosol release, distribution, and prevention during aerosol therapy: a simulated model for infection control.Drug delivery · 2022Article
- In Vitro Evaluation of Nebulized Pharmaceutical Aerosol Delivery to the Lungs Using a New Heated Dryer System (HDS).AAPS PharmSciTech · 2022Article
- In Vitro Characterization of Aerosolized Albuterol Generated by a Jet Nebulizer and Delivered through a Heated Flow Nasal Cannula System.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- The Impact of Head Model Choice on the In Vitro Evaluation of Aerosol Drug Delivery.Pharmaceutics · 2021Article
- Electrochemical Discrimination of Salbutamol from Its Excipients in VentolinSensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Evaluation of Aerosol Therapy during the Escalation of Care in a Model of Adult Cystic Fibrosis.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- CFD Guided Optimization of Nose-to-Lung Aerosol Delivery in Adults: Effects of Inhalation Waveforms and Synchronized Aerosol Delivery.Pharmaceutical research · 2020Article
- Development of a High-Flow Nasal Cannula and Pharmaceutical Aerosol Combination Device.Journal of aerosol medicine and pulmonary drug delivery · 2019Article
- In Vitro Study of the Effect of Breathing Pattern on Aerosol Delivery During High-Flow Nasal Therapy.Pulmonary therapy · 2019Article
- Investigation of Fugitive Aerosols Released into the Environment during High-Flow Therapy.Pharmaceutics · 2019Article
- Comparison of aerosol delivery across combinations of drug delivery interfaces with and without concurrent high-flow nasal therapy.Intensive care medicine experimental · 2019Article
- Effective nebulization of interferon-γ using a novel vibrating mesh.Respiratory research · 2019Article
- Investigation of the Quantity of Exhaled Aerosols Released into the Environment during Nebulisation.Pharmaceutics · 2019Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionThe use of concurrent aerosol delivery during high-flow nasal therapy (HFNT) may be exploited to facilitate the delivery of a variety of prescribed medications for inhalation. Until now, a systematic approach to determine the conditions required to yield an optimal emitted dose has not been reported. The aim of this study was to establish the effects of gas flow rate, input droplet size, and nebulizer position on the amount of aerosol exiting the nasal cannula during HFNT and thus becoming available for inhalation.
methodsTesting was completed according to a factorial statistical design of experiments (DOE) approach. Emitted dose was characterized with a vibrating mesh nebulizer (Aerogen Solo, Aerogen Ltd) for an adult model of HFNT at three clinically relevant gas flow rates, using three nebulizers producing varying input droplet sizes and placed at two different nebulizer positions.
resultsIncreasing the gas flow rate significantly lowered the emitted dose, with a dose of 7.10% obtained at 10 LPM, 2.67% at 25 LPM, and 1.30% at 40 LPM (p < 0.0001). There was a significant difference in emitted dose between nebulizers with different input droplet sizes, with increasing input droplet size associated with a reduced emitted dose (6.11% with an input droplet size of 3.22 µm, 2.76% with 4.05 µm, and 2.38% with 4.88 µm, p = 0.0002, Pearson's r = - 0.2871). In addition, the droplet size exiting the nasal cannula interface was lower than that produced by the aerosol generator for all devices under test. Positioning the nebulizer immediately after the humidification chamber yielded a marginally greater emitted dose (3.79%) than when the nebulizer was placed immediately upstream of the nasal cannula (3.39%). Flow rate, input droplet size, and nebulizer position were at the 0.10 level of significance, indicating that all three factors had significant effects on emitted dose. According to the DOE model, flow rate had the greatest influence on emitted dose, followed by input droplet size and then nebulizer position.
conclusionOur findings indicate that in order to optimize the amount of aerosol exiting the nasal cannula interface during HFNT, it is necessary for gas flow rate to be low and the input droplet size to be small, while the nebulizer should be positioned immediately after the humidification chamber.
fundingAerogen Limited.
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